Economic-mathematical methods and models in management of economic activity of agricultural enterprises

Abstract

The paper summarizes the most common mathematical methods used in the analysis, planning, organization, and management of economic activities of agricultural enterprises. It is determined that mathematical methods in combination with qualitative, logical methods of analysis contribute to the correct assessment of production efficiency or assessment of individual economic phenomena. It is a set of methods that turns analysis into truly scientific means of production management. It is proved that the most important universal method of research of economic activity of the enterprise is the method of modeling and construction of mathematical model of economic object. The study of economic processes in agricultural enterprises with the help of economic and mathematical modeling allows to assess the level of efficiency of the enterprise for the past period and to predict the effect of the implementation of certain management measures. Particular attention is paid to the principle of classification of economic and mathematical models on various grounds used in agricultural production during management decisions. The optimization models which make the widest group of models are considered and are intended for a choice of an optimum variant which will provide the maximum efficiency of the enterprise. Different approaches to the choice of basic parameters for building models to determine the resource potential are presented. It is revealed that during modeling it is necessary to follow the system approach, considering not only separate components and their interrelations, but also all system as a whole. It is advisable to use a system of models of parameters, characteristics, condition, and behavior in the external environment of interconnected economic processes, taking into account the complex structure of the organization, which will increase the adequacy and accuracy of results obtained in management decisions by managers of agricultural enterprises. It is established that economic-mathematical modeling allows to effectively solve specific economic problems and practical problems in the field of enterprise management in order to minimize the negative economic consequences.