1 kWp-Solar-Home-System - A self-optimizing low-cost back-up and voltage stabilizing system for emerging countries based on photovoltaics and a battery storage

Abstract

In cooperation with H&C-VGU Engineering GmbH and with a focus on Karachi, Pakistan, this project looks into a 1 kWp photovoltaics (PV) and battery based back-up systems. The objective is to provide domestic electricity with a high rate of availability and stabilized voltage at a target price of approximately 1000 US-Dollars. As no ready-made systems are available that meet the demands, an own approach is developed. Ready-made components are used and an Arduino microcontroller with a self-developed charging algorithm is added to control appropriate charging from the grid. The system is dimensioned and verified in simulations and implemented into a pilot plant in Gummersbach, Germany. While further testing and bug fixing is needed - the basic functionality works. A cost calculation based on VDI 2067, using German net prices, shows the exceedance of the target price for investment as well as high annual cost. This is mainly caused by the high cost of the battery system, which derive from the operating life that is chosen in accordance with the simulated battery cycles and manufacturer data on cycle stability.