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2018 7th International Energy and Sustainability Conference (IESC)最新文献

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Energy systems and COP21 Paris climate agreement targets in Germany: an integrated modeling approach 德国的能源系统和COP21巴黎气候协议目标:综合建模方法
Pub Date : 2018-05-17 DOI: 10.1109/IESC.2018.8440004
Subhash Kumar, R. Madlener
At the 2015 Paris Climate Summit, all parties decided to limit global warming to at least 2 ° C, and preferably to 1.5 ° C in order to reduce the impact of climate change. The current policy target to reduce GHG emissions in Germany by 80–95% by 2050 stabilizes global warming at 2 ° C. For the more ambitious limitation of 1.5 ° C, these targets need to be adjusted urgently. In 2015, the share of renewable energies in primary energy consumption in Germany was just 12.6%. This paper develops four main scenarios to limit the temperature rise to 1.5 ° C. The integrated energy system model LEAP was used to estimate the energy balances and the climate mitigation targets. The results of the model suggest that GHG emission drops to 9.2 Mt of CO2e in the COP21 Paris Scenario compared to 20.3 Mt of CO2e in the Reference Scenario. In addition to the BAU and COP21 Paris Scenarios, an Energy Efficiency and a 100% Renewable Scenario are analyzed as well. On the other hand, the GHG emission mitigation costs in the COP21 Paris Scenario are 194.2 € / t of CO2e, the highest amongst all scenarios considered. The present work shows that it seems possible for Germany to achieve the Paris agreement targets if an integrated approach is applied to the country's energy sector.
在2015年巴黎气候峰会上,各方决定将全球变暖限制在至少2°C,最好是1.5°C,以减少气候变化的影响。德国目前的政策目标是到2050年将温室气体排放量减少80-95%,将全球变暖稳定在2°C。对于更雄心勃勃的1.5°C限制,这些目标需要紧急调整。2015年,可再生能源在德国一次能源消费中的份额仅为12.6%。利用综合能源系统模型LEAP对能源平衡和气候减缓目标进行了估算。该模型的结果表明,在COP21巴黎情景下,温室气体排放量将降至920万吨二氧化碳当量,而在参考情景下为2030万吨二氧化碳当量。除了BAU和COP21巴黎情景之外,还分析了能源效率情景和100%可再生情景。另一方面,第21次缔约方会议《巴黎情景》的温室气体减排成本为每吨二氧化碳当量194.2欧元,是所考虑的所有情景中最高的。目前的工作表明,如果将综合方法应用于该国的能源部门,德国似乎有可能实现《巴黎协定》的目标。
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引用次数: 8
1 kWp-Solar-Home-System - A self-optimizing low-cost back-up and voltage stabilizing system for emerging countries based on photovoltaics and a battery storage 1 kwp太阳能-家庭系统-一个基于光伏和电池存储的新兴国家自我优化的低成本备用和稳压系统
Pub Date : 2018-05-17 DOI: 10.1109/IESC.2018.8439955
D. Schreckenberg, R. Zerwes, U. Blieske, R. Gecke
In cooperation with H&C-VGU Engineering GmbH and with a focus on Karachi, Pakistan, this project looks into a 1 kWp photovoltaics (PV) and battery based back-up systems. The objective is to provide domestic electricity with a high rate of availability and stabilized voltage at a target price of approximately 1000 US-Dollars. As no ready-made systems are available that meet the demands, an own approach is developed. Ready-made components are used and an Arduino microcontroller with a self-developed charging algorithm is added to control appropriate charging from the grid. The system is dimensioned and verified in simulations and implemented into a pilot plant in Gummersbach, Germany. While further testing and bug fixing is needed - the basic functionality works. A cost calculation based on VDI 2067, using German net prices, shows the exceedance of the target price for investment as well as high annual cost. This is mainly caused by the high cost of the battery system, which derive from the operating life that is chosen in accordance with the simulated battery cycles and manufacturer data on cycle stability.
该项目与H&C-VGU工程有限公司合作,重点关注巴基斯坦卡拉奇,研究1千瓦时的光伏(PV)和基于电池的备用系统。目标是提供高可用性和稳定电压的家用电力,目标价格约为1000美元。由于没有现成的系统可以满足需求,因此开发了自己的方法。使用现成的组件,并添加带有自行开发的充电算法的Arduino微控制器,以控制电网的适当充电。该系统在模拟中进行了尺寸和验证,并在德国Gummersbach的一个试验工厂中实施。虽然需要进一步的测试和bug修复,但基本功能可以正常工作。基于VDI 2067的成本计算,使用德国净价格,显示超出投资目标价格和高年度成本。这主要是由于电池系统的高成本造成的,而电池系统的高成本来源于根据模拟电池循环和制造商关于循环稳定性的数据选择的运行寿命。
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引用次数: 0
Development of a Control Strategy for a PVT-based CO2 Heat Pump 基于pvt的CO2热泵控制策略的研究
Pub Date : 2018-05-17 DOI: 10.1109/IESC.2018.8439976
Johannes Rullof, K. Lambers, U. Blieske, J. Hadji-Minaglou, F. Scholzen
In recent years, the possibility of combining photovoltaics (PV) and solar thermal collectors into one solar hybrid module (PVT-module) has been increasingly investigated. PVT-modules produce thermal and electrical energy at the same time. Since the efficiency of a photovoltaic module decreases with increasing temperature, the temperature of the heat transfer media is often limited to about 30°C and the PVT-module is combined with a heat pump, which increases the temperature on the “warm side”. A common approach is to integrate the PVT-module directly as an evaporator in a heat pump system (PVT-direct).This paper presents the development of a control strategy for a PVT-based CO2 heat pump that takes into account solar radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed, evaporator temperature and compressor power. The developed control strategy provides different operating modes depending on the solar radiation supply as well as the ambient temperature.
近年来,将光伏(PV)和太阳能集热器组合成一个太阳能混合组件(PV -module)的可能性得到了越来越多的研究。pvt模块同时产生热能和电能。由于光伏组件的效率随着温度的升高而降低,因此传热介质的温度通常限制在30℃左右,并且pv -组件与热泵相结合,这增加了“暖侧”的温度。一种常见的方法是将pvt模块直接集成为热泵系统中的蒸发器(PVT-direct)。本文提出了一种考虑太阳辐射、环境温度、风速、蒸发器温度和压缩机功率的pvt型CO2热泵控制策略。所开发的控制策略根据太阳辐射供应和环境温度提供不同的操作模式。
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引用次数: 0
Solar Photovoltaic Panels Failures Causing Power Losses: A Review 太阳能光伏板故障导致电力损失:综述
Pub Date : 2018-05-17 DOI: 10.1109/IESC.2018.8439986
G. J. Tevi, M. E. Faye, M. Sene, Issa Faye, U. Blieske, A. Seidou Maiga
During its operation time, a photovoltaic (PV) array can be influenced by many factors that can reduce its performance. Consequently, the global yield of the array decreases, induced by photovoltaic faults and failures. It is then an essential matter for manufacturers and consumers, to know and apprehend these factors. In this paper, we investigate different faults affecting a photovoltaic system, from those detectable by visual inspection to those barely noticeable with an eye. To detect such faults, an overview of methodologies commonly used and new existing ones like the synchronized thermography is done.
光伏阵列在运行过程中会受到多种因素的影响,从而降低其性能。因此,由于光伏故障和失效,阵列的总产率降低。因此,对于制造商和消费者来说,了解和理解这些因素是至关重要的。在本文中,我们研究了影响光伏系统的不同故障,从肉眼检测到肉眼几乎无法察觉的故障。为了检测此类故障,本文综述了常用的方法和新出现的方法,如同步热成像。
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引用次数: 7
SMARTI - An Open Source Matlab Ray Tracing Tool for Solar Cell and Module Optics SMARTI -一个开源的Matlab光线跟踪工具,用于太阳能电池和模块光学
Pub Date : 2018-05-17 DOI: 10.1109/IESC.2018.8440001
N. Reiners, U. Blieske
In this paper a powerful photovoltaic ray-tracing tool is presented that is available under the GNU General Public License. The software is written in the MATLAB language and the code is easy to understand and well structured. The software is using two basic approaches: 1) A Monte-Carlo approach based on random numbers is used for the determination of the path of each ray through the module, 2) A unit cell approach is used to simulate infinite areas with the help of only one unit cell element. As many layers as desired can be chosen for the simulation of a solar module and for each of these layers individual material properties, textures, coatings, Lambertian scattering and grid geometries can be set. The tool is particularly interesting for researchers that need a high flexibility concerning the input and output parameters of a ray-tracer and for those that cannot afford to buy one of the costly tools available on the market.The software can be downloaded from a Github repository: https://github.com/Nanunanuk/SMARTI
在本文中,提出了一个强大的光伏光线跟踪工具,它是在GNU通用公共许可证下可用的。软件采用MATLAB语言编写,代码简单易懂,结构合理。该软件使用两种基本方法:1)基于随机数的蒙特卡罗方法用于确定每条光线通过模块的路径,2)单元格方法用于仅借助一个单元格元素模拟无限区域。可以选择尽可能多的层来模拟太阳能模块,并且可以为每一层设置单独的材料属性、纹理、涂层、朗伯散射和网格几何形状。对于需要高度灵活的光线追踪器输入和输出参数的研究人员,以及那些买不起市场上昂贵工具的研究人员来说,该工具特别有趣。该软件可以从Github存储库下载:https://github.com/Nanunanuk/SMARTI
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引用次数: 0
Control of distributed tanks for stormwater treatment in combination with a wastewater treatment plant and a sewer system 结合污水处理厂和下水道系统控制用于雨水处理的分布式水箱
Pub Date : 2018-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/IESC.2018.8439994
W. Kusch, T. Haag, M. Bongards
In North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany) contaminated rainwater by traffic and industry areas could not pass into flowing waters without cleaning. Therefore, many purification tank for rainwater (PTR) have to be built in areas with separate sewers for rainwater and wastewater. The heavy polluted rainwater has to be transmitted over the wastewater treatment plant. The wastewater treatment plant and sewer are constructed only for the past wastewater quantities. Aggravatingly the inflow is added. For this reason, the wastewater treatment plant and sewer are strongly working close by full capacity during rain events. The additional wastewater caused by PBR can lead to an overload of the wastewater treatment plant sewer. This has the consequence of unsettled wastewater in nature. The goal of pollution reduction in flowing waters would be merged thereby. In this case, PTRs have to be controlled centrally. If enough capacity in the wastewater treatment plant and sewer is available each PTR by each PTR could be pumped dry. For this control application a PTR-controller is developed. The controller is tested in simulation tool simba#water. Thereby the operability of the PTR-controller and the discharge for sewer and wastewater treatment plant could be verified.
在北莱茵-威斯特伐利亚州(德国),被交通和工业区污染的雨水如果不进行清洁就不能流入流动的水中。因此,许多雨水净化池(PTR)必须建在雨水和废水独立下水道的地区。被严重污染的雨水必须通过污水处理厂输送。污水处理厂和下水道仅为过去的废水量而建造。更糟糕的是,流入又增加了。由于这个原因,污水处理厂和下水道在下雨时都是满负荷工作的。PBR产生的额外废水会导致污水处理厂下水道超载。这就造成了自然界中未处理的废水。减少流动水域污染的目标将因此合并。在这种情况下,必须集中控制ptr。如果污水处理厂和下水道有足够的容量,每个PTR的每个PTR都可以抽干。针对这种控制应用,开发了一种ptr控制器。在simba#water仿真工具中对控制器进行了测试。从而验证ptr控制器的可操作性以及污水处理厂和污水处理厂的排放。
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引用次数: 1
Multi-Area Economic Dispatch Considering Generation Uncertainty 考虑发电不确定性的多区域经济调度
Pub Date : 2018-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/IESC.2018.8439950
M. Mokarram, M. Nayeripour, T. Niknam, E. Waffenschmidt
Multi area economic dispatch (MAED) problem is one the important issues in operation management of distributed geographically power networks. In this case, preserving power network information plays an important role in the MAED problem which should be taken into consideration. For this purpose, a new hierarchal process is used in such a way that the load is supplied while the information security is preserved. In addition, the effect of wind turbines (WTs) uncertainty is studied to simulate real scenarios. Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) technique is used to consider the effect of uncertainty in the MAED problems. Finally, the JAYA algorithm is utilized to find the optimal solution of the MAED problems.
多区域经济调度问题是分布式地网运行管理中的一个重要问题。在这种情况下,保持电网信息在MAED问题中起着重要的作用,是需要考虑的问题。为此,使用一个新的层次流程,在提供负载的同时保持信息安全性。此外,还研究了风力机不确定性对实际工况的影响。采用蒙特卡罗模拟(Monte Carlo Simulation, MCS)技术来考虑不确定性对MAED问题的影响。最后,利用JAYA算法求解MAED问题的最优解。
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引用次数: 4
Modeling and simulation of a phasor measurement unit to analyse the grid reliability of a 110 kV grid 110kv电网相量测量装置的建模与仿真分析
Pub Date : 2018-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/IESC.2018.8439944
M. Kelker, J. Haubrock
This paper describes the modelling of a Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS) in MATLAB/Simulink. In addition, it is simulated to determine whether the WAMS can optimize the reliability of a 110 kV distribution grid. For this purpose, the local 110 kV distribution grid, the surrounding 380 kV transmission grid and the Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) on each node of the 110 kV grid were simulated. The distribution grid was modelled on the basis of real data and the transmission grid was modelled on the basis of data from the German Federal Environment Agency. Subsequently, various scenarios have been developed (A. Failure of nearby transmission line, B. Conductor temperature determination, C. Short-circuit localization) to test if the reliability of the simulated distribution grid is increased using PMUs.
本文介绍了广域测量系统(WAMS)在MATLAB/Simulink中的建模。此外,通过仿真验证了WAMS是否能够优化110kv配电网的可靠性。为此,对局地110 kV配电网、周边380 kV输电网以及110 kV电网各节点相量测量单元(PMU)进行了仿真。配电网是根据实际数据建模的,输电网是根据德国联邦环境局的数据建模的。随后,开发了各种场景(A.附近输电线路故障,B.导体温度测定,C.短路定位),以测试使用pmu是否增加了模拟配电网的可靠性。
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引用次数: 0
Suggested Modifications for the Future Market of Balancing Power and the Potentials it offers to Mobile and Stationary Battery Storage in the Private Sector 对未来平衡电力市场的建议修改及其为私营部门移动和固定电池存储提供的潜力
Pub Date : 2018-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/IESC.2018.8439995
Simon Geigle, S. Baum, I. Stadler, A. Maas
This paper deals with the potentials of a combined battery system consisting of an electric vehicle and a solar electricity storage unit for the supply of balancing power in the private sector. The depicted system is examined by offering the system services under current conditions of transmission system operators for determining the revenue potential of private households. Additionally, the increase of obtained balancing power compensation is calculated by suggested modifications relating to the tender period and prequalification of public charging infrastructure of electric cars.Furthermore, future scenarios of provided balancing power reserves in 2030 and 2050 are developed which take the growing expansion of electric mobility same as the increasing amount of solar electricity storage units in the private sector into account.
本文讨论了由电动汽车和太阳能电力存储单元组成的组合电池系统在私营部门提供平衡电力的潜力。通过在传输系统运营商当前条件下提供系统服务来确定私人家庭的收入潜力,对所描述的系统进行了检查。此外,通过建议修改招标期限和电动汽车公共充电基础设施资格预审,计算获得的平衡功率补偿的增加量。此外,在2030年和2050年提供平衡电力储备的未来情景中,考虑到电动交通的不断扩大,以及私营部门太阳能储能单元数量的增加。
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引用次数: 0
Increasing Profits of a Battery System in the Private Sector by Providing a Decentralized Storage System for the Energy Market 通过为能源市场提供分散式存储系统来增加私营部门电池系统的利润
Pub Date : 2018-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/IESC.2018.8439988
Simon Geigle, Maurice Ludewigs, David Khoshoei, S. Baum, I. Stadler, A. Maas
This paper deals with the potentials of electricity storage in private sector unit for the supply of balancing power. Economic aspect is a primary focus. The results show that battery storages are technically well suited to offer primary control reserve. For primary control reserve it is economically unreasonable to participate in the announcements during the winter period. However, participation during the summer period can lead to a profit for the system operator.
本文探讨了私营单位蓄电在平衡电力供应中的潜力。经济方面是主要的焦点。结果表明,电池储能在技术上很适合提供一次控制储备。对于一级控制储备,在冬季参加公告从经济上讲是不合理的。然而,夏季期间的参与可以为系统运营商带来利润。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2018 7th International Energy and Sustainability Conference (IESC)
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