Muhammad Usman, Michael Hüben, Stefan Hahn, Stefanie Wieck, Anja Kehrer-Berger, Volker Linnemann, Thomas Wintgens
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Disinfectants and preservatives used as biocides may contain or release active substances (a.s.) that can form by-products with the surrounding matrices during their application which may be released into the environment. Over the past 40 years, several hundred of these so-called disinfection by-products (DBPs) have been detected after applications of biocides used for disinfection. Due to intensive research and further development of analytical capabilities, many new DBP classes, such as iodinated DBPs (I-DBPs), halonitromethanes (HNMs), haloacetamides (HaAms), or halomethanesulfonic acids were detected worldwide in various matrices and applications. Due to the possible hazards and risks for humans and the environment, frequently occurring DBP classes, such as trihalomethanes (THM), haloacetic acids (HAA) and nitrosamines (NDMA), have already been included in many legislations and given limit values. In the European Union, biocides are assessed under the Biocidal Products Regulation 528/2012 (BPR) regarding their efficacy, potential hazards, and risks to human health and the environment. However, the available guidance for the environmental risk assessment (ERA) of DBPs remains vague. To identify knowledge gaps and to further develop the assessment scheme for the ERA of DBPs, a literature search on the multiple uses of biocides and their formation potential of DBPs was performed and the existing process for ERA was evaluated. The results show knowledge gaps on the formation of DBP in non-aqueous systems and DBP formation by non-halogen-based biocidal active substances. Based on the literature research on biocides, a possible proposal of grouping a.s. to consider their DBP formation potential is presented to simplify future ERAs. However, this also requires further research. Until then, a pragmatic approach considering the DBPs formation potential of the active substances and the identified knowledge gaps need to be established for the environmental risk assessment of DBPs in the EU.
用作杀菌剂的消毒剂和防腐剂可能含有或释放活性物质，这些活性物质在使用过程中可能与周围基质形成副产物，并可能释放到环境中。在过去的40年里，在使用杀菌剂进行消毒后，已经检测到数百种所谓的消毒副产物(DBPs)。由于深入的研究和分析能力的进一步发展，许多新的DBP类别，如碘化DBP (i -DBP)，卤代硝基甲烷(HNMs)，卤代乙酰胺(HaAms)或卤代甲烷磺酸在世界各地的各种基质和应用中被检测到。由于对人类和环境可能存在的危害和风险，三卤甲烷(THM)、卤代乙酸(HAA)和亚硝胺(NDMA)等频繁出现的DBP类别已被列入许多立法并规定了限值。在欧洲联盟，杀菌剂是根据《杀菌剂产品条例528/2012》(BPR)对其功效、潜在危害以及对人类健康和环境的风险进行评估的。然而，现有的dbp环境风险评估(ERA)指南仍然模糊不清。为了确定知识空白，进一步制定dbp的ERA评估方案，本文对杀菌剂的多种用途及其形成dbp的潜力进行了文献检索，并对现有的ERA过程进行了评估。结果表明，在非水体系中DBP的形成和非卤素基生物杀灭活性物质形成DBP方面存在知识空白。在对杀菌剂文献研究的基础上，提出了一种考虑杀菌剂DBP形成潜力的分组方案，以简化未来的杀菌剂era。然而，这还需要进一步的研究。在此之前，需要为欧盟的dbp环境风险评估建立一种考虑活性物质形成dbp的可能性和已确定的知识空白的务实方法。图形抽象
期刊介绍：
ESEU is an international journal, focusing primarily on Europe, with a broad scope covering all aspects of environmental sciences, including the main topic regulation.
ESEU will discuss the entanglement between environmental sciences and regulation because, in recent years, there have been misunderstandings and even disagreement between stakeholders in these two areas. ESEU will help to improve the comprehension of issues between environmental sciences and regulation.
ESEU will be an outlet from the German-speaking (DACH) countries to Europe and an inlet from Europe to the DACH countries regarding environmental sciences and regulation.
Moreover, ESEU will facilitate the exchange of ideas and interaction between Europe and the DACH countries regarding environmental regulatory issues.
Although Europe is at the center of ESEU, the journal will not exclude the rest of the world, because regulatory issues pertaining to environmental sciences can be fully seen only from a global perspective.
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