A. Lemiasheuski, E. Bajer, G. Oder, A. Göbel, R. Hesse, A. Pfennig, D. Bettge
{"title":"Development of an automated 3D metallography system and some first application examples in microstructural analysis","authors":"A. Lemiasheuski, E. Bajer, G. Oder, A. Göbel, R. Hesse, A. Pfennig, D. Bettge","doi":"10.1515/pm-2023-0057","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Traditional metallography relies on the imaging of individual section planes. However, conclusions as to spatial shapes and microstructural arrangements can only be drawn to a limited extent. The idea to reconstruct three-dimensional microstructures from metallographic serial sections is therefore obvious and not at all new. However, the manual process of preparing a great number of individual sections and assembling them into image stacks is time-consuming and laborious and therefore constitutes an obstacle to frequent use. This is why the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, or BAM for short ( Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung ), is developing a robot-assisted 3D metallography system performing the tasks of preparation and image acquisition on a metallographic section fully automatically and repeatedly. Preparation includes grinding, polishing and optional etching of the section surface. Image acquisition is performed using a light optical microscope with autofocus at several magnification levels. The obtained image stack is then pre-processed, segmented and converted to a 3D model resembling a microtomographic image, but with a higher lateral resolution at large volumes. As opposed to tomographic techniques, it is possible to perform traditional chemical etching for contrasting. The integration of a scanning electron microscope is in the planning stages. Studies conducted so far have demonstrated the possibility of visualizing hot gas corrosion layers, gray cast irons and ceramic-based microelectronic structures (vias).","PeriodicalId":20360,"journal":{"name":"Practical Metallography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Practical Metallography","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pm-2023-0057","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Abstract Traditional metallography relies on the imaging of individual section planes. However, conclusions as to spatial shapes and microstructural arrangements can only be drawn to a limited extent. The idea to reconstruct three-dimensional microstructures from metallographic serial sections is therefore obvious and not at all new. However, the manual process of preparing a great number of individual sections and assembling them into image stacks is time-consuming and laborious and therefore constitutes an obstacle to frequent use. This is why the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, or BAM for short ( Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung ), is developing a robot-assisted 3D metallography system performing the tasks of preparation and image acquisition on a metallographic section fully automatically and repeatedly. Preparation includes grinding, polishing and optional etching of the section surface. Image acquisition is performed using a light optical microscope with autofocus at several magnification levels. The obtained image stack is then pre-processed, segmented and converted to a 3D model resembling a microtomographic image, but with a higher lateral resolution at large volumes. As opposed to tomographic techniques, it is possible to perform traditional chemical etching for contrasting. The integration of a scanning electron microscope is in the planning stages. Studies conducted so far have demonstrated the possibility of visualizing hot gas corrosion layers, gray cast irons and ceramic-based microelectronic structures (vias).