Development and Validation of Non-Human Primate Head-Neck Computational Model for Frontal Impact Injury Analysis

Jesse Gerringer, Karthik Somasundaram, Frank A. Pintar
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Abstract

Abstract Severe cervical spine injuries are rare in an automobile crash, however, the recovery for an individual is difficult. With no suitable surrogate in the laboratory setting, the exact head-neck (HN) response to severe impact accelerations is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a nonhuman primate (NHP) HN model and validate it using a historic NHP kinematic dataset that tested noninjury, as well as injury-inducing impact accelerations. The geometry of the NHP HN model was constructed from a previously CT-scanned skeleton and idealized as a two-dimensional quadrilateral shell mesh. Inertial properties of the vertebra and skull were defined, as well as 1D beam elements representing the spinal ligaments and discs. The model was then driven at the T1 vertebra using a literature-derived 10G acceleration curve to simulate frontal impact. Output peak Head X-acceleration was measured at 19.8G, which fell within the average peak response of 18.8 ± 4.6 G. Capsular ligament and interspinous ligament strains were measured along the cervical spine and the relative magnitudes were consistent with areas of likely injury at more severe impact accelerations. Once tested at more severe impact accelerations, this NHP HN model will provide a suitable way to study potential human cervical spine dynamics during frontal impact.
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非人类灵长类动物头颈部头部碰撞损伤分析计算模型的建立与验证
摘要严重的颈椎损伤在车祸中是罕见的,然而,对个人来说,恢复是困难的。由于在实验室环境中没有合适的替代物,头颈部(HN)对剧烈碰撞加速度的确切反应尚不清楚。因此,本研究旨在建立一个非人灵长类动物(NHP)的HN模型,并使用历史NHP运动学数据集来验证该模型,该数据集测试了非损伤和致伤碰撞加速度。NHP HN模型的几何形状是由先前的ct扫描骨架构建的,并被理想化为二维四边形壳网格。定义了椎体和颅骨的惯性特性,以及代表脊柱韧带和椎间盘的1D梁单元。然后使用文献推导的10G加速度曲线在T1椎体上驱动模型来模拟正面碰撞。头部x加速度的输出峰值为19.8G,落在18.8±4.6 g的平均峰值响应范围内。沿着颈椎测量囊韧带和棘间韧带的应变,相对大小与更严重的冲击加速度下可能损伤的区域一致。一旦在更严重的碰撞加速度下进行测试,该NHP HN模型将为研究正面碰撞时潜在的人类颈椎动力学提供合适的方法。
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