Diagnosing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Using Triglyceride-Related Indices: Is It Possible Without Rotterdam Criteria?

Abstract

complicated hormonal condition of the women in reproductive age with a prevalence of 5–15% (1). Its characteristic features include polycystic ovary morphology under sonography, ovulatory dysfunction, and hyperandrogenism (2). Irrespective of reproductive disorders, it was reported that PCOS is implicated with the disorders of metabolism such as type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases, and impaired glucose tolerance (3). In PCOS, the tendency for fat accumulation in intraabdominal stores of fat is frequently observed, and it is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disorders and T2DM (4). A woman with PCOS usually visit the physician for reasons such as obesity, hair loss, hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, and hyperlipidemia. On the other hand, the exact diagnosis of PCOS is made by a gynecologist according to the Rotterdam consensus criteria (5) at the end. Its early detection using simple markers by other medical disciplines rather than the gynecologists will reduce the burden attributable to metabolic risks. It was reported that the conventional ratios of lipid such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/ highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) / HDL-C, triglycerides (TG)/HDL-C, and fasting TG are elevated in PCOS patients (6). In insulin-resistant (IR) states, delayed TG-rich lipoprotein clearance from blood plasma results in hypertriglyceridemia (7). The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index is obtained by the formula: napierian logarithmic (ln) [fasting TG (mg/dL) × fasting blood glucose (FBG) (mg/dL)/2] and it was firstly reported as an index to identify IR (8). TyG index predicts glycolipid-metabolism-related diseases efficiently (8). Triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) has been recently reported to be a helpful marker in early detection of T2DM risk, which is a common phenomenon in PCOS (9, 10). TyG-BMI, calculated as [TyG × BMI], was also shown as a non-invasive, simple, and cost-effective tool for separating the patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver Diagnosing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Using TriglycerideRelated Indices: Is It Possible Without Rotterdam Criteria?