Green mediated of nanoparticles by plant extract: Investigation of its performance to treat the human renal cell carcinoma

Abstract

Cancer therapies are currently limited to surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. All three methods risk damage to normal tissues or incomplete eradication of the cancer. Nanotechnology offers the means to target chemotherapies directly and selectively to cancerous cells and neoplasms, guide in surgical resection of tumors, and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of radiation-based and other current treatment modalities. All of this can add up to a decreased risk to the patient and an increased probability of survival. In the recent research, the properties of green formulation of silver nanoparticles by Malva sylvestris on human renal cell carcinoma cells were checked. The NPs characterization was run by the techniques of FT-IR, TEM, FE-SEM, and UV-Vis. The MTT assay was used to measure anti-renal cell carcinoma (against RCC-JW (KTCTL-195), RCC-GH, CaKi-2, and HEK293 cell lines) and cytotoxicity (against HUVEC cell line) activity of silver NPs. Interestingly, the nano-drug could resist significantly against those cell lines in a time and concentration-dependent manner, assessed by MTT method. The corresponding IC₅₀ values of the nanoparticles were 118, 135, 66, and 147 µg/ml respectively against the RCC-JW (KTCTL-195), RCC-GH, CaKi-2, and HEK293 renal cell carcinoma cells, respectively. After doing the clinical trial studies, the recent silver nanoparticles may be used for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma in humans.