The Long-Term Deep Loessal Sediments of Northeast China: Loess or Loessal Paleosols?

IF 2.3 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Quaternary Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI:10.3390/quat6040053
Zhong-Xiu Sun, Nai-Wen Zhang, Ying-Ying Jiang, Qiu-Bing Wang, Gan-Lin Zhang
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Abstract

Previous research assumed deep buried loess as the initial composition of the overlying paleosol and failed to address the long-term continuous pedogenic weathering history in the deep loess-paleosol sequence, which was attributed to little understanding on the difference between loess and paleosol in the long-term deep loess-paleosol sequence. To distinguish between the loess and paleosol, in the long-term deep loess-paleosol sequence in northeast China, the morphology, dust deposition fluxes, geochemical characteristics, magnetic susceptibility, and grain size distributions were investigated. Results showed that the loess layers buried at depth could be differentiated from the paleosol by their poor pedogenic development. The presence of coarser grains in the loess as well as lesser amounts of clay and Fe–Mn coatings compared to paleosol indicated weaker weathering of the loess. Also, optical iron clay films deposited on the surface of the skeleton particles were less visible in the loesses than in the paleosols. From the loess evolution perspective, the pedogenic formation process of the newly formed loess soils should be considered as important as that of the reddish paleosol layer based on criteria of formation time, depth within profile, and morphological characteristics. The formation of the reddish or yellowish paleosol layer was constrained by pedogenic environments associated with climatic change and by the relative rates of deposition and pedogenesis. The terms “loessal paleosol” and “loessal paleosol sequence” are suggested to aid in systematically and consistently addressing the long-term pedogenic weathering evolution recorded in the complex formation of deep loess and paleosol sequences in pedology research. The long-term deep loessal sediments of Northeast China are loessal paleosols, which cannot be simply used as a reference for the overlying paleosol and be deducted from pedogenesis consideration.
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东北长期黄土深层沉积物:黄土还是黄土古土壤?
以往的研究假设深埋黄土为上覆古土壤的初始成分,未能解决深埋黄土-古土壤序列中长期连续的成土风化历史,对长期深埋黄土-古土壤序列中黄土与古土壤的差异认识不足。为了区分黄土和古土壤,研究了东北地区长期深层黄土-古土壤序列的形态、沙尘通量、地球化学特征、磁化率和粒度分布。结果表明,深埋黄土与古土壤的成土发育程度较差。与古土壤相比,黄土颗粒较粗,粘土和铁锰包层较少,表明黄土风化较弱。此外,沉积在骨骼颗粒表面的光学铁粘土膜在黄土中比在古土壤中更不明显。从黄土演化的角度看,从新形成的黄土土的成土过程应与红色古土壤层的成土过程同等重要,以形成时间、剖面深度和形态特征为标准。红色或淡黄色古土壤层的形成受与气候变化有关的成土环境以及沉积和成土的相对速率的制约。提出了“黄土古土壤”和“黄土古土壤序列”的概念,以便在土壤学研究中系统、一致地描述深层黄土和古土壤序列复杂地层中所记录的长期成土风化演化过程。东北地区长期深层黄土沉积物是黄土古土壤,不能简单地作为上覆古土壤的参考而不考虑成土作用。
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来源期刊
Quaternary
Quaternary GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
4.30%
发文量
44
审稿时长
11 weeks
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