DAMPAK SISTEM PENGELOLAAN AIR MINUM TERHADAP SOSIAL BUDAYA MASYARAKAT DI PULAU NUSA PENIDA

Abstract

Nusa Penida is a dry island with low rainfall throughout the year reaching 1428.40 mm. Water is an important means to support community life and tourism in Nusa Penida. As the population grows, the need for water also increases, so water needs to be managed with a drinking water management system. The research uses a qualitative descriptive approach using social theory, namely Cultural Materialism Theory to formulate the phenomenology of the socio-cultural impact of the management of the drinking water system on the island of Nusa Penida. The results showed that the existence of adequate resources on Nusa Penida Island sourced from underground water in Kutampi Kaler Village and Penida, Guyangan and Seganing springs managed by PDAM Klungkung Regency. Water is a very expensive resource and affects the economic, social and cultural conditions of the people of Nusa Penida. In the past, before the 2000s, most of the people at the top spent part of their income to buy water which caused the social condition of the community to experience poverty, because during the dry season people would spend their time walking to the coastal area to collect water. Cultural reduction in the form of religion also occurs by building communal communities as the bearers of temples that have freshwater wells on the coast. Starting in 2014, the drinking water management system on Nusa Penida Island has made a shift in the social life of the people of Nusa Penida, namely increasing community welfare due to economic substitution and changes in social patterns due to easy access to drinking water and the emergence of new business activities from the existence of drinking water as evidenced by changes in community culture. Nusa Penida is a shift from an agrarian culture to an industrial culture (tourism). Changes in community cultural patterns due to the availability of drinking water, namely the shift in the pattern of community livelihoods from an agrarian basis to an industrial pattern (tourism).