Probiotics – a new panacea for periodontal diseases?! Literature review

Abstract

Introduction. The emergence of new antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms, the widespread spread of viral and fungal diseases, as well as the growing allergisation of the population have generated interest in bacterial preparations – probiotics, which include living microorganisms – representatives, as a rule, of the obligate human microflora, which, when ingested in sufficient quantities, enter the body, retain their activity and viability, have a positive effect on the patient’s health. The purpose of the study was to review the literature on this topic, to determine the concepts of the use of probiotics in dentistry, as well as to identify promising directions in the development of methods of therapy of periodontal diseases with their use. Materials and methods. When studying this issue, scientific sources indexed in the Higher Attestation Commission, Scopus and Web of Sciences were analyzed. Results. Probiotics are a recognized therapeutic adjunct for various generalized and systemic diseases of the oral cavity. Their role in the prevention and treatment of dental caries, as well as its complications, is a direction that has been studied quite fully in the last two decades. The evidence for this is reflected in many randomized control studies. To test various probiotic combinations, it is necessary to conduct multicenter studies so that patients can take advantage of the entire therapeutic spectrum of new drugs based on probiotics and synbiotics.