The Most Obvious Development of “The "Basic Idea”

Q3 Psychology Rorschachiana Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI:10.1027/1192-5604/a000165
Philip J. Keddy, Rita Signer, Angela Graf-Nold, Philip Erdberg
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Abstract: In a 1955 correspondence with Bruno Klopfer, C. G. Jung described his Word Association Test as “the first feeble attempt to examine complex mental attitudes by an experimental method” and Rorschach’s inkblot test as “the most obvious development of the basic idea.” We explore what Jung may have meant by “the basic idea,” in the context of what was happening in the new field of psychology in the 1890s and early 1900s. We suggest that in order to understand the significance of both tests, it is important to become aware of the “individual psychology” program of Alfred Binet and Victor Henri (1896) , and the “differential psychology” advocated by William Stern (1911) . We conclude that there are at least three aspects to the basic idea: (1) a commitment to a scientific approach, with “experiments” from which “tests” were derived; (2) a focus on the study of the individual differences; and (3) an examination of “higher” or more “complex” aspects of the individual. We agree with Fierro (2022) that Jung’s Word Association Test was the first “personality” test to come to North America and add that Rorschach’s inkblot test was the second major personality, reaching not only North America but spreading around the world.
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“基本思想”最明显的发展
在1955年与布鲁诺·克洛普弗的通信中,荣格将他的单词联想测试描述为“用实验方法检验复杂心理态度的第一次微弱尝试”,而罗夏墨迹测试则是“对基本思想最明显的发展”。我们在19世纪90年代和20世纪初心理学新领域发生的事情的背景下,探讨荣格所说的“基本思想”可能意味着什么。我们建议,为了理解这两个测试的意义,重要的是要了解阿尔弗雷德·比奈和维克多·亨利(1896)的“个体心理学”计划,以及威廉·斯特恩(1911)倡导的“差异心理学”。我们得出的结论是,这一基本理念至少有三个方面:(1)致力于采用科学方法,从“实验”中得出“测试”;(2)注重个体差异的研究;(3)对个人“更高”或更“复杂”方面的检查。我们同意Fierro(2022)的观点,即荣格的单词联想测试是第一个来到北美的“人格”测试,并补充说罗夏墨迹测试是第二个主要的人格测试,不仅到达北美,而且传播到世界各地。
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来源期刊
Rorschachiana
Rorschachiana Psychology-Clinical Psychology
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
10
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