Study of the structure and electrical properties of graphene oxide (GO) and graphene oxide+nanocellulose (GO+NC)

IF 0.8 Q4 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI:10.31643/2024/6445.21
N. Almasov, B. Kurbanova, T. Kuanyshbekov, K. Akatan, S. Kabdrakhmanova, K. Aimaganbetov
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Abstract

Proton exchange membranes (PEMs) that function at elevated temperatures surpassing 100°C and exhibit exceptional mechanical, chemical, and thermochemical stability have garnered significant interest. This is primarily due to their practical utility in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In the present era, an extensive array of polymers and polymer-blended membranes have been scrutinized for their applicability in this domain. Each of these materials presents a set of advantages and disadvantages. However, the realm of PEMFCs is still in search of the perfect membrane endowed with distinct properties. Graphene oxide, a two-dimensional substance arising from the oxidation of graphite, has manifested itself as a promising candidate. Oxygen (O) functional groups are incorporated within the sp2 carbon (C) plane of the oxidized graphite, forming graphene oxide. This material can be synthesized by exfoliating graphite oxide, a three-dimensional carbon-based compound, into layered sheets using ultrasonic or mechanical agitation. The presence of multiple reactive oxygen functional groups renders graphene oxide suitable for a diverse array of applications, such as composite polymers, energy conversion materials, environmental safeguards, sensors, transistors, and optical components. This versatility is attributable to its outstanding electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. Among the various methodologies for graphene oxide synthesis, the modified Hammer method stands out for its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and high yield. This research delves into the structural analysis of graphene oxide obtained through the Hammer method, utilizing commercially available graphite. The study involves the creation of membranes based on carboxymethylcellulose (NC) that integrate dispersed graphene oxide (GO) sheets. These novel membranes, as well as pristine graphene oxide, were subjected to a comprehensive array of analytical techniques including XRD, XPS, Raman, FTIR, and SEM microscopy. Additionally, electrophysical characterizations were undertaken employing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The investigation uncovered that the introduction of NC into the graphene oxide matrix significantly enhances the electron conductivity of the composite membrane. Simultaneously, the presence of graphene oxide contributes to the mechanical robustness and thermomechanical stability of the membrane structure. The principal impetus behind this article lies in furnishing vital insights into the physical and structural attributes of graphene oxide membranes relevant to their deployment in hydrogen energy applications.
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氧化石墨烯(GO)和氧化石墨烯+纳米纤维素(GO+NC)的结构和电学性能研究
质子交换膜(PEMs)在超过100°C的高温下发挥作用,并表现出优异的机械、化学和热化学稳定性,引起了人们的极大兴趣。这主要是由于它们在质子交换膜燃料电池(pemfc)中的实际应用。在当今时代,广泛的聚合物和聚合物共混膜的阵列已仔细审查其在这一领域的适用性。每一种材料都有其优缺点。然而,pemfc领域仍在寻找具有独特性能的完美膜。氧化石墨烯是一种由石墨氧化产生的二维物质,已被证明是一种很有前途的候选材料。氧(O)官能团结合在氧化石墨的sp2碳(C)平面内,形成氧化石墨烯。这种材料可以通过使用超声波或机械搅拌将氧化石墨(一种三维碳基化合物)剥离成层状薄片来合成。多个活性氧官能团的存在使得氧化石墨烯适用于多种应用,如复合聚合物、能量转换材料、环境保障、传感器、晶体管和光学元件。这种多功能性归因于其出色的电气,机械和热性能。在各种氧化石墨烯合成方法中,改进的Hammer方法以其简单,成本效益和高收率而脱颖而出。本研究深入研究了利用市售石墨通过Hammer方法获得的氧化石墨烯的结构分析。这项研究涉及到基于羧甲基纤维素(NC)的膜的创造,该膜整合了分散的氧化石墨烯(GO)片。这些新型膜,以及原始氧化石墨烯,进行了全面的分析技术,包括XRD, XPS,拉曼,FTIR和SEM显微镜。此外,采用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)测量进行电物理表征。研究发现,在氧化石墨烯基体中引入NC可显著提高复合膜的电子导电性。同时,氧化石墨烯的存在有助于膜结构的机械稳健性和热机械稳定性。这篇文章背后的主要推动力在于提供与氢能源应用相关的氧化石墨烯膜的物理和结构属性的重要见解。
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