A Prospective Comparative Observational Study on Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Oligohydramnios

Abstract

Background: The health of the mother and foetus is threatened by oligohydramnios. It is a clinical conditionidentified by a sonographically measured amniotic fluid index (AFI) of less than 5 cm.Method & Materials: Hospital-based based prospective comparative Observational Study. This study wasconducted to observe the outcome of pregnancy in oligohydramnios. Study group– 100 cases with AFI < 5 cm.Control group- 100 cases with AFI 5cm to 24 cm, admitted to Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in TMCH from1stAugust 2021 to 31 July 2022. For all selected women, USG was done and AFI was calculated. These womenwere followed till day 7 of puerperium. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. The variable was analyzedusing a chi-square test p-<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The results of the present study revealed that, the rate of the Caesarian section was significantly higher inthe oligohydramnios group compared to the control group (70% vs. 39% respectively). There was a significantlyincreased in Fetal distress, meconium-stained liquor, low Apgar score at 1 and 5 min, low birth weight, admissionto NICU, and early neonatal death.Conclusion: In conclusion, oligohydramnios is a high-risk pregnancy, and patients with oligohydramnios shouldexpect proper antepartum, rigorous foetal surveillance, and intrapartum care for a better feto-maternal outcome