Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19808
Background: Despite of effective vaccineand impressive treatment, number of cases of hepatitis b virus rising dayby day. The reasons include low antibody titre in blood after vaccination, needle stick injury in medical personnel,lack of awareness in general public about the mode of transmissions and prevention. Also the treatment part isexpensive and monitored by repeated viral load and envelope antigen estimation.We are conducted a study todecrease the cost of diagnosis and monitoring of treatment by analyse if anyrelationship between viral load andenvelope antigen.Method: Total number of 54 blood samples of hepatitis b positive patients who were known to be infected the timeof withdrawn of blood, collected in a period of one year.The serums separated by centrifugation and preserved.All samples were tested for viral load by Thermo Fisher PCR kit and also for estimation of hepatitis b envelopeantigen by indirect ELISA. Results were analysed.Conclusion: On the basis of this study we can conclude that there is a relationship between hepatitis b envelopeantigen and viral load. When viral load reached in a patient up to a particular level antigen start rising andthen both proportionally increasing. In our study that particular level of viral loadis >106 copies/ml. It shows ifenvelope antigen of hepatitis b virus present in blood, the value of viral load should be more than 106copies/ml.In the scarcity of PCR only Elisa for envelope antigen can draw an approximate estimation of viral load.
{"title":"Relation of Hepatitis B Viral Load with Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen in Hepatitis B Positive Cases","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19808","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite of effective vaccineand impressive treatment, number of cases of hepatitis b virus rising dayby day. The reasons include low antibody titre in blood after vaccination, needle stick injury in medical personnel,lack of awareness in general public about the mode of transmissions and prevention. Also the treatment part isexpensive and monitored by repeated viral load and envelope antigen estimation.We are conducted a study todecrease the cost of diagnosis and monitoring of treatment by analyse if anyrelationship between viral load andenvelope antigen.Method: Total number of 54 blood samples of hepatitis b positive patients who were known to be infected the timeof withdrawn of blood, collected in a period of one year.The serums separated by centrifugation and preserved.All samples were tested for viral load by Thermo Fisher PCR kit and also for estimation of hepatitis b envelopeantigen by indirect ELISA. Results were analysed.Conclusion: On the basis of this study we can conclude that there is a relationship between hepatitis b envelopeantigen and viral load. When viral load reached in a patient up to a particular level antigen start rising andthen both proportionally increasing. In our study that particular level of viral loadis >106 copies/ml. It shows ifenvelope antigen of hepatitis b virus present in blood, the value of viral load should be more than 106copies/ml.In the scarcity of PCR only Elisa for envelope antigen can draw an approximate estimation of viral load.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19793
Background: Incidence of cardiovascular disease has increased rapidly in India. Serum lipid levels are among themost important causative factors which in turn related to lifestyle of an individual.Aim: This study was aimed to compare the lipid profile of sedentary workers with the athletes undertakingexercises regularly.Materials and Methods: It was a cross sectional analytical study. It was undertaken among 150 adult males ofage 20-50 years. Participants were selected on the basis history of regular exercise and apparently healthy adultmales with no athletic or exercise activity for comparison. Known sufferers of hypertension, dyslipidemia oron anti-hyperlipidemic drugs were excluded. All five athletic clubs in district town of Birbhum were selectedfor data collection. Estimation of serum lipids was done at the biochemistry laboratory of the district hospitals.Results: Mean total Cholesterol level (mg/dl) of the non-athletes (208.7 ± 30.7) was found to be more than athletes(197.3 ± 71.1) and the finding was statistically not significant (p = 0.21). Mean LDL level (mg/dl) non-athletes (131.5± 24.3) was found to be more than athletes (107.5 ± 15.5) and the finding was statistically significant (p=0.000).Conclusion: Regular physical activity improves the HDL cholesterol which is known cardio-protective. Thoughthe total cholesterol was lower in athletes compared to those with sedentary life style but the finding was notstatistically significant. This study did include the diet history of the participants.
{"title":"Comparison of Lipid Profile of Sedentary Workers with the Athletes Undertaking Aerobic Exercises Regularly","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19793","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Incidence of cardiovascular disease has increased rapidly in India. Serum lipid levels are among themost important causative factors which in turn related to lifestyle of an individual.Aim: This study was aimed to compare the lipid profile of sedentary workers with the athletes undertakingexercises regularly.Materials and Methods: It was a cross sectional analytical study. It was undertaken among 150 adult males ofage 20-50 years. Participants were selected on the basis history of regular exercise and apparently healthy adultmales with no athletic or exercise activity for comparison. Known sufferers of hypertension, dyslipidemia oron anti-hyperlipidemic drugs were excluded. All five athletic clubs in district town of Birbhum were selectedfor data collection. Estimation of serum lipids was done at the biochemistry laboratory of the district hospitals.Results: Mean total Cholesterol level (mg/dl) of the non-athletes (208.7 ± 30.7) was found to be more than athletes(197.3 ± 71.1) and the finding was statistically not significant (p = 0.21). Mean LDL level (mg/dl) non-athletes (131.5± 24.3) was found to be more than athletes (107.5 ± 15.5) and the finding was statistically significant (p=0.000).Conclusion: Regular physical activity improves the HDL cholesterol which is known cardio-protective. Thoughthe total cholesterol was lower in athletes compared to those with sedentary life style but the finding was notstatistically significant. This study did include the diet history of the participants.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135750552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19813
Background: Hospital Waste collection and proper disposal has become a significant concern for both the medicaland general community. It is estimated that 10-25% of healthcare waste is hazardous, with the potential to createa variety of health problems. Handling, segregation, mutilation, disinfection, storage, transportation and finaldisposal are vital steps for safe and scientific management of Hospital waste in any establishment.Objectives: To assess the knowledge of hospital Waste management among healthcare personnel working in atertiary care centre.Methods: To assess the knowledge of hospital Waste management among healthcare personnel working in atertiary care hospital. A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted. The Study participants includednursing staff, ward boys and cleaning staff working in the institute who deal with Medical waste and were selectedrandomly to make the sample size of 250 with equal representation in both categories. A pretested semi-structuredquestionnaire was used.Results: The study showed gaps in the knowledge of categories of respondents. The knowledge of the existence ofMedical waste management in nurses was (79%), as well as in cleaning staff was (37%). The knowledge in practicalaspects of Medical waste management was better in nurses, as compare to cleaning staff.
{"title":"Study to Assess the Knowledge of Hospital Waste Management among Healthcare Personnel at Medical College in Haryana","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19813","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hospital Waste collection and proper disposal has become a significant concern for both the medicaland general community. It is estimated that 10-25% of healthcare waste is hazardous, with the potential to createa variety of health problems. Handling, segregation, mutilation, disinfection, storage, transportation and finaldisposal are vital steps for safe and scientific management of Hospital waste in any establishment.Objectives: To assess the knowledge of hospital Waste management among healthcare personnel working in atertiary care centre.Methods: To assess the knowledge of hospital Waste management among healthcare personnel working in atertiary care hospital. A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted. The Study participants includednursing staff, ward boys and cleaning staff working in the institute who deal with Medical waste and were selectedrandomly to make the sample size of 250 with equal representation in both categories. A pretested semi-structuredquestionnaire was used.Results: The study showed gaps in the knowledge of categories of respondents. The knowledge of the existence ofMedical waste management in nurses was (79%), as well as in cleaning staff was (37%). The knowledge in practicalaspects of Medical waste management was better in nurses, as compare to cleaning staff.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135750832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19777
Background: The health of the mother and foetus is threatened by oligohydramnios. It is a clinical conditionidentified by a sonographically measured amniotic fluid index (AFI) of less than 5 cm.Method & Materials: Hospital-based based prospective comparative Observational Study. This study wasconducted to observe the outcome of pregnancy in oligohydramnios. Study group– 100 cases with AFI < 5 cm.Control group- 100 cases with AFI 5cm to 24 cm, admitted to Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in TMCH from1stAugust 2021 to 31 July 2022. For all selected women, USG was done and AFI was calculated. These womenwere followed till day 7 of puerperium. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. The variable was analyzedusing a chi-square test p-<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The results of the present study revealed that, the rate of the Caesarian section was significantly higher inthe oligohydramnios group compared to the control group (70% vs. 39% respectively). There was a significantlyincreased in Fetal distress, meconium-stained liquor, low Apgar score at 1 and 5 min, low birth weight, admissionto NICU, and early neonatal death.Conclusion: In conclusion, oligohydramnios is a high-risk pregnancy, and patients with oligohydramnios shouldexpect proper antepartum, rigorous foetal surveillance, and intrapartum care for a better feto-maternal outcome
背景:羊水过少严重威胁母体和胎儿的健康。这是一种临床病症，超声测量羊水指数(AFI)小于5厘米。方法,资料:基于医院的前瞻性比较观察研究。本研究旨在观察羊水过少的妊娠结局。研究组- 100例AFI患者;5厘米。对照组:2021年8月1日至2022年7月31日在妇产科学医院妇产科收治的AFI 5 - 24 cm患者100例。对所有入选女性进行USG并计算AFI。这些妇女被跟踪到产褥期第7天。数据分析采用IBM SPSS version 23。采用卡方检验对变量进行分析，p-<0.05认为具有统计学意义。结果:本研究结果显示，羊水过少组剖宫产率明显高于对照组(分别为70%和39%)。胎儿窘迫、粪污液、1分钟和5分钟低Apgar评分、低出生体重、入住新生儿重症监护病房和新生儿早期死亡显著增加。结论:羊水过少是一种高危妊娠，羊水过少患者应做好适当的产前监护、严格的胎儿监护和产时护理，以获得较好的胎母结局
{"title":"A Prospective Comparative Observational Study on Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Oligohydramnios","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19777","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The health of the mother and foetus is threatened by oligohydramnios. It is a clinical conditionidentified by a sonographically measured amniotic fluid index (AFI) of less than 5 cm.Method & Materials: Hospital-based based prospective comparative Observational Study. This study wasconducted to observe the outcome of pregnancy in oligohydramnios. Study group– 100 cases with AFI < 5 cm.Control group- 100 cases with AFI 5cm to 24 cm, admitted to Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in TMCH from1stAugust 2021 to 31 July 2022. For all selected women, USG was done and AFI was calculated. These womenwere followed till day 7 of puerperium. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. The variable was analyzedusing a chi-square test p-<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The results of the present study revealed that, the rate of the Caesarian section was significantly higher inthe oligohydramnios group compared to the control group (70% vs. 39% respectively). There was a significantlyincreased in Fetal distress, meconium-stained liquor, low Apgar score at 1 and 5 min, low birth weight, admissionto NICU, and early neonatal death.Conclusion: In conclusion, oligohydramnios is a high-risk pregnancy, and patients with oligohydramnios shouldexpect proper antepartum, rigorous foetal surveillance, and intrapartum care for a better feto-maternal outcome","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135754634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19791
One of the main causes that has put a person’s social and physical health under stress but also significantlyimpacted their mental health is epidemic. The most prevalent and well observed mental condition is anxiety. It cancause a paradigm shift in the eating habits of an individual. The 5000-year-old Indian medical system Ayurveda,which educates about hostile care for the mind, body, and spirit relates major psychological stress like anxiety withimproper diet. Following a sattvik diet helps a person lead a stress-free life and reduces a person’s risk of illnessto mental disorders like depression, anxiety, mood disorders, and hyperacidity; Sattvik diet/ aahar is consideredas one of the safe, organic and energetic food. People who eat a diet high in whole food such as fruits, nuts, wholegrains, legumes and unsaturated fats are up to 35% less likely to develop depression than those who eat less ofthese. A healthy digestion of meal with proper engagement of gastric juices, its digestion and absorption aredirectly related to hormonal balance and production of serotonin level.
{"title":"A Link between Anxiety and Sattvik Food as a Potential Pathway","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19791","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main causes that has put a person’s social and physical health under stress but also significantlyimpacted their mental health is epidemic. The most prevalent and well observed mental condition is anxiety. It cancause a paradigm shift in the eating habits of an individual. The 5000-year-old Indian medical system Ayurveda,which educates about hostile care for the mind, body, and spirit relates major psychological stress like anxiety withimproper diet. Following a sattvik diet helps a person lead a stress-free life and reduces a person’s risk of illnessto mental disorders like depression, anxiety, mood disorders, and hyperacidity; Sattvik diet/ aahar is consideredas one of the safe, organic and energetic food. People who eat a diet high in whole food such as fruits, nuts, wholegrains, legumes and unsaturated fats are up to 35% less likely to develop depression than those who eat less ofthese. A healthy digestion of meal with proper engagement of gastric juices, its digestion and absorption aredirectly related to hormonal balance and production of serotonin level.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135754825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19783
Background: Vaccine hesitancy continues to impede the attempts made globally in combating the COVID-19pandemic. Hence, this study aims to determine the socio-demographic factors associated with COVID-19 vaccinehesitancy among the general population in a rural block of Andhra Pradesh.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among the general population of a rural blockin Andhra Pradesh. A total of 210 participants were recruited through multi- stage random sampling technique.Data was collected through semi-structured schedule method. Descriptive statistics was computed to describethe socio-demographic characteristics, and Chi-square test was applied to assess the association between vaccinehesitancy and socio-demographic characteristics of the study participants.Results: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy rate among rural population was 45.5%. Statistically significant associationwas observed between vaccine hesitancy and socio-demographic characteristics like: age between 40-49 years,females, Hindus, illiterates, unemployed, marginal workers, lower middle class and those with two children intheir family.Conclusion: High prevalence of vaccine hesitancy was noted among rural population. Mass media strategies,evidence-based communication, and policy measures will have to be implemented across rural areas with specialfocus on groups identified with vaccine hesitancy.
{"title":"Addressing the Socio-demographic Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among the General Population in a Rural Block of Andhra Pradesh, India: A Community Based Cross-sectional Study","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19783","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vaccine hesitancy continues to impede the attempts made globally in combating the COVID-19pandemic. Hence, this study aims to determine the socio-demographic factors associated with COVID-19 vaccinehesitancy among the general population in a rural block of Andhra Pradesh.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among the general population of a rural blockin Andhra Pradesh. A total of 210 participants were recruited through multi- stage random sampling technique.Data was collected through semi-structured schedule method. Descriptive statistics was computed to describethe socio-demographic characteristics, and Chi-square test was applied to assess the association between vaccinehesitancy and socio-demographic characteristics of the study participants.Results: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy rate among rural population was 45.5%. Statistically significant associationwas observed between vaccine hesitancy and socio-demographic characteristics like: age between 40-49 years,females, Hindus, illiterates, unemployed, marginal workers, lower middle class and those with two children intheir family.Conclusion: High prevalence of vaccine hesitancy was noted among rural population. Mass media strategies,evidence-based communication, and policy measures will have to be implemented across rural areas with specialfocus on groups identified with vaccine hesitancy.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135754827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19832
Background: Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease that causes pulmonary tuberculosis and also affectsother tissues of the body. People with diabetes mellitus and those who are underweight have an increased risk ofgetting active tuberculosis. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and todetermine its association with Body Mass Index in tuberculosis patients.Methods: In the present record-based cross-sectional study, 100 sputum smear positive tuberculosis patients 18years and older who attended the out-patient department of Pulmonary Medicine from 1/6/2020 to 31/12/2022were included and sputum smear negative patients were excluded. Data entry and analysis was done in MicrosoftExcel. Percentages were calculated and association between diabetes mellitus and Body Mass Index of the studypopulation was assessed by chi square test.Conclusion: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in tuberculosis patients was almost double than that of thegeneral population of India and its association with underweight was found to be statistically significant. Soproper screening of all patients of tuberculosis for diabetes mellitus is necessary for early diagnosis and treatment.Health education and counselling are equally important
{"title":"Diabetes Mellitus and its Association with Body Mass Index in Sputum Positive Tuberculosis Patients in a Tertiary Health Care Centre","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19832","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease that causes pulmonary tuberculosis and also affectsother tissues of the body. People with diabetes mellitus and those who are underweight have an increased risk ofgetting active tuberculosis. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and todetermine its association with Body Mass Index in tuberculosis patients.Methods: In the present record-based cross-sectional study, 100 sputum smear positive tuberculosis patients 18years and older who attended the out-patient department of Pulmonary Medicine from 1/6/2020 to 31/12/2022were included and sputum smear negative patients were excluded. Data entry and analysis was done in MicrosoftExcel. Percentages were calculated and association between diabetes mellitus and Body Mass Index of the studypopulation was assessed by chi square test.Conclusion: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in tuberculosis patients was almost double than that of thegeneral population of India and its association with underweight was found to be statistically significant. Soproper screening of all patients of tuberculosis for diabetes mellitus is necessary for early diagnosis and treatment.Health education and counselling are equally important","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135799128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19787
The spread of false information online has increased dramatically in recent years. Around the COVID-19 pandemic,a digital epidemic of misinformation, or “infodemic,” has arisen. Since the beginning of 2020, digital platformshave served as both a source of and a remedy for Disinformation. After a few months of the epidemic, it is clearthat ensuring health professionals access to necessary medical equipment and supplies is less crucial than fightingfalsehoods online. Actions such as (a) urging social media firms to delete material about the epidemic that iscontentious, (b) putting up special forces to counteract propaganda and false information (e.g., E.U., U.K.), and (c)incarcerating suspicious coronavirus false claims, including in connection to the public health interventions, werehigh priorities for many government agencies around the world in response to COVID-19. State of emergencymeasures used early on shaped future debates on how to strike a fair balance between free speech and censorshipon the internet by, among other things, restricting access to news and encouraging journalists to hold back on theirreporting.
{"title":"Legal Solutions to Health Misinformation and Disinformation During the Covid-19 Pandemic Outbreak","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19787","url":null,"abstract":"The spread of false information online has increased dramatically in recent years. Around the COVID-19 pandemic,a digital epidemic of misinformation, or “infodemic,” has arisen. Since the beginning of 2020, digital platformshave served as both a source of and a remedy for Disinformation. After a few months of the epidemic, it is clearthat ensuring health professionals access to necessary medical equipment and supplies is less crucial than fightingfalsehoods online. Actions such as (a) urging social media firms to delete material about the epidemic that iscontentious, (b) putting up special forces to counteract propaganda and false information (e.g., E.U., U.K.), and (c)incarcerating suspicious coronavirus false claims, including in connection to the public health interventions, werehigh priorities for many government agencies around the world in response to COVID-19. State of emergencymeasures used early on shaped future debates on how to strike a fair balance between free speech and censorshipon the internet by, among other things, restricting access to news and encouraging journalists to hold back on theirreporting.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135748697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19755
Aims and objectives: This case series is done to know the Clinico-epidemiological profile of paraquat poisoningin children and also the implication of available treatment guidelines in improving outcomes in the paediatricpopulation as there are no standard treatment guidelines available.Materials and Methods: Nine children were selected during the study period of October 2021 to February 2023,demographic data were collected, clinical parameters were assessed with details such as time of presentation,symptoms and first aid received, laboratory parameters such as LFT, RFT, chest radiographs obtained and serialvalues monitored. Treatment as per the available recommendation was initiated with immunosuppressive therapyand haemodialysis on a case-to-case basis.Results: Among the 9 children, there were 6 females (67%) with an average age group of 15–18 years. eight (89%)of the 9 children developed acute renal failure. Seven children underwent haemodialysis. Five (55%) childrendeveloped hepatic dysfunction. Among the 9 children, 3 (67%) survived.Conclusion: The study reveals that the mortality rate can be reduced, if the child presented to the hospital within8 hours of ingestion of the compound, amount ingested is less than 20 ml, and early initiation of Haemodialysiswithin 8 hours and a trail of immunosuppressive therapy.
{"title":"Clinico-epidemiological Profile of Paraquat Poisoning in Children at a Tertiary Care Centre: Case Series","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19755","url":null,"abstract":"Aims and objectives: This case series is done to know the Clinico-epidemiological profile of paraquat poisoningin children and also the implication of available treatment guidelines in improving outcomes in the paediatricpopulation as there are no standard treatment guidelines available.Materials and Methods: Nine children were selected during the study period of October 2021 to February 2023,demographic data were collected, clinical parameters were assessed with details such as time of presentation,symptoms and first aid received, laboratory parameters such as LFT, RFT, chest radiographs obtained and serialvalues monitored. Treatment as per the available recommendation was initiated with immunosuppressive therapyand haemodialysis on a case-to-case basis.Results: Among the 9 children, there were 6 females (67%) with an average age group of 15–18 years. eight (89%)of the 9 children developed acute renal failure. Seven children underwent haemodialysis. Five (55%) childrendeveloped hepatic dysfunction. Among the 9 children, 3 (67%) survived.Conclusion: The study reveals that the mortality rate can be reduced, if the child presented to the hospital within8 hours of ingestion of the compound, amount ingested is less than 20 ml, and early initiation of Haemodialysiswithin 8 hours and a trail of immunosuppressive therapy.","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135750003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19829
Background: Ear, Nose and Throat diseases are common in school going children who often miss school dueto these illnesses. ENT diseases have not been given due importance by majority of the school authorities. Theimportance of ENT diseases screening is to identify the children at-risk, which may hamper their scholasticperformance, and to refer them for detailed investigation and intervention.Objectives: 1. To find out the pattern of common Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders among School children. 2. Tofind out the association if any regarding ENT morbidities and socio-demographic variables of the parents.Materials and Methods: The study was a descriptive observational type of cross-sectional design. The school waschosen by random sampling method. Data were collected by interviewing the school children with a pre-designedand pretested schedule. Clinical examinations were done with the help of a check list containing the standardanswer and definition of ENT morbidities. Collected data were analysed and proportions and Chi-square testwere done.Results: Among study population 52.6% were female and most of the children (63.5%) were < 14 years of agegroup. 61.6% having some form of ENT morbidities. Literacy status of parents and economic condition of thefamily were significantly associated with ENT morbidities.Conclusion: Urgent need for health education and regular Ear, Nose and Throat check-up among the schoolchildren to increase their level of awareness and knowledge regarding ENT diseases and also decrease morbidities
{"title":"Cross-sectional Study on Pattern of Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders among School Children in a Rural Area of West Bengal","authors":"","doi":"10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v14i4.19829","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ear, Nose and Throat diseases are common in school going children who often miss school dueto these illnesses. ENT diseases have not been given due importance by majority of the school authorities. Theimportance of ENT diseases screening is to identify the children at-risk, which may hamper their scholasticperformance, and to refer them for detailed investigation and intervention.Objectives: 1. To find out the pattern of common Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders among School children. 2. Tofind out the association if any regarding ENT morbidities and socio-demographic variables of the parents.Materials and Methods: The study was a descriptive observational type of cross-sectional design. The school waschosen by random sampling method. Data were collected by interviewing the school children with a pre-designedand pretested schedule. Clinical examinations were done with the help of a check list containing the standardanswer and definition of ENT morbidities. Collected data were analysed and proportions and Chi-square testwere done.Results: Among study population 52.6% were female and most of the children (63.5%) were < 14 years of agegroup. 61.6% having some form of ENT morbidities. Literacy status of parents and economic condition of thefamily were significantly associated with ENT morbidities.Conclusion: Urgent need for health education and regular Ear, Nose and Throat check-up among the schoolchildren to increase their level of awareness and knowledge regarding ENT diseases and also decrease morbidities","PeriodicalId":13368,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135839012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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