End-of-life mobile phones parts contain toxic metals that make them hazardous, but can also serve as resource reserves for such metals

IF 1 Q4 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI:10.2478/auoc-2023-0011
Bukola Omoyemi Abiodun, Paschal Okiroro Iniaghe
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Abstract

Abstract In this study, the concentration of some toxic metals in different parts of end-of-life mobile phones was assessed. Twenty end-of-life mobile phones of different brands and countries of origin, which were widely in use up to the year 2011, were collected from phone repair workshops in Lagos, Nigeria. The collected mobile phones were disassembled into the phone screens, printed wiring boards, plastic casings and batteries. Disassembled parts were individually milled and pulverized, and digested using HCl, HNO 3 and H 2 O 2 . Flame atomic absorption spectrometry was used to quantify some toxic metals (Pb, Cd and Ni) in the digested samples, and the determined concentrations were compared with permissible limits. The average metals concentration in the disassembled parts followed the order: printed wiring boards > batteries > plastic casings > phone screens. The concentrations of Pb and Ni exceeded their toxicity threshold limit concentration in printed wiring boards, while Ni exceeded the limit concentration in batteries. Based on the maximum permissible concentration required by the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directives, all Cd concentrations were below the limit concentration; Pb and Ni in printed wiring boards exceeded their limit concentrations, while Ni exceeded its permissible concentration in batteries. The results of this study indicate that printed wiring boards and batteries of end-of-life mobile phones are hazardous, and their improper disposal of could cause environmental and health problems. However, considering the very high concentrations of Pb and Ni, these mobile phone parts could serve as resource reserves for these metals.
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报废的手机零件含有有毒金属,使它们变得危险,但也可以作为这些金属的资源储备
摘要本研究对废旧手机不同部位的有毒金属浓度进行了评估。从尼日利亚拉各斯的手机维修车间收集了20部不同品牌和原产国的报废手机,这些手机在2011年之前被广泛使用。收集到的手机被拆解成手机屏幕、印刷线路板、塑料外壳和电池。将拆下的零件分别进行研磨和粉碎,用HCl、hno3和h2o2消化。采用火焰原子吸收光谱法对消化样品中的有毒金属(Pb、Cd、Ni)进行了定量分析,并将测定浓度与允许限量进行了比较。拆解零件中的平均金属浓度顺序为:印制板>电池比;塑料外壳;手机屏幕。印刷线路板中Pb、Ni浓度超过毒性阈值,电池中Ni浓度超过毒性阈值。根据有害物质限制(RoHS)指令要求的最大允许浓度,所有Cd浓度均低于限制浓度;印刷线路板中铅、镍超标,电池中镍超标。这项研究的结果表明,报废手机的印刷线路板和电池是危险的,它们的不当处理可能会造成环境和健康问题。然而,考虑到铅和镍的浓度非常高,这些手机部件可以作为这些金属的资源储备。
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来源期刊
Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry
Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
自引率
11.10%
发文量
20
审稿时长
5 weeks
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