Mechanical activation and physicochemical factors controlling pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, and electrometallurgical processing of titanium ore: A review

IF 0.9 4区材料科学 Q3 Materials Science Journal of The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI:10.17159/2411-9717/2082/2023

H.C.S. Subasinghe, A.S. Ratnayake

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Abstract

In this study, we review the role of mechanical activation in the pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, and electrometallurgical processing of titanium feedstock. Mechanical activation has been shown to decrease the activation energy of chemical reactions, thus enhancing process efficiency and product quality by reducing processing time and energy consumption. Pyrometallurgical processing is energy-intensive and time-consuming. Hydrometallurgy is costly, requires high-grade feed material, and generates toxic waste. Waste generation and process complexity are the major drawbacks of electrometallurgy and solvent extraction. Bioleaching via a mechanically activated pyrometallurgical process can be identified as an alternative method, but the lengthy processing time is the major disadvantage. Mechanically activated titanium concentrate can be used in a finely tuned combined metallurgical process to overcome the challenges and drawbacks in these technologies.

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钛矿热法、湿法和电法加工的机械活化和理化因素综述

本文综述了机械活化在钛原料火法、湿法和电法加工中的作用。机械活化已被证明可以降低化学反应的活化能，从而通过减少加工时间和能耗来提高工艺效率和产品质量。火法冶金工艺耗能大，耗时长。湿法冶金成本高，需要高级原料，并产生有毒废物。废弃物的产生和工艺的复杂性是电冶金和溶剂萃取的主要缺点。通过机械活化的火法冶金工艺进行生物浸出可以确定为一种替代方法，但处理时间长是主要缺点。机械活化钛精矿可用于精细调整的组合冶金工艺，以克服这些技术的挑战和缺点。

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来源期刊

Journal of The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 工程技术-矿业与矿物加工

CiteScore

1.50

自引率

11.10%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal serves as a medium for the publication of high quality scientific papers. This requires that the papers that are submitted for publication are properly and fairly refereed and edited. This process will maintain the high quality of the presentation of the paper and ensure that the technical content is in line with the accepted norms of scientific integrity.