{"title":"Candida in COVID-19: Gut-Lung Axis, Dysbiosis, and Infections","authors":"Milena Kordalewska, David S. Perlin","doi":"10.1007/s12281-023-00476-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Purpose of Review This review discusses the connections between the gut-lung axis, gut and respiratory tract dysbiosis, and Candida bloodstream, oral, and respiratory infections in COVID-19 patients. Recent Findings COVID-19–related dysfunction in the intestinal barrier together with gut and lung dysbiosis played an important role in disease pathophysiology, which affected host immune homeostasis giving rise to prominent systemic and respiratory bacterial and fungal infections. Higher incidence of Candida bloodstream infections driven by accumulation of “classic” risk factors in severely ill COVID-19 patients was noted. Moreover, numerous C. auris outbreaks, characterized by high clonality of the strains, were reported from all around the world. Unlike other Candida species, C. auris colonization and infection cases most likely resulted from nosocomial transmission. Summary Infections due to Candida species in severely ill COVID-19 patients reflected the overall immune dysregulation and were largely driven by gut and respiratory tract dysbiosis.","PeriodicalId":10813,"journal":{"name":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current Fungal Infection Reports","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-023-00476-y","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Abstract Purpose of Review This review discusses the connections between the gut-lung axis, gut and respiratory tract dysbiosis, and Candida bloodstream, oral, and respiratory infections in COVID-19 patients. Recent Findings COVID-19–related dysfunction in the intestinal barrier together with gut and lung dysbiosis played an important role in disease pathophysiology, which affected host immune homeostasis giving rise to prominent systemic and respiratory bacterial and fungal infections. Higher incidence of Candida bloodstream infections driven by accumulation of “classic” risk factors in severely ill COVID-19 patients was noted. Moreover, numerous C. auris outbreaks, characterized by high clonality of the strains, were reported from all around the world. Unlike other Candida species, C. auris colonization and infection cases most likely resulted from nosocomial transmission. Summary Infections due to Candida species in severely ill COVID-19 patients reflected the overall immune dysregulation and were largely driven by gut and respiratory tract dysbiosis.
期刊介绍：
This journal intends to provide clear, insightful, balanced contributions that review the most important, recently published clinical findings related to the diagnosis, treatment, management, and prevention of fungal infections. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as advances in diagnosis, current and emerging management approaches, and genomics and pathogenesis. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided, and an international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research.
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