FRENCH COLORONYMS CONTAINING ANTHIOSEMIC COMPONENT

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of French lexical units of semantics that denote color and may have opposite connotations or obtain it in the context of the work. According to the analysis, the core of color is its physical characteristics, layered with others (psychological, emotionally expressive, evaluative, symbolic), which can be variable up to the opposite. French coloronyms are mostly polysemantic, but the meaning often depends on the distribution, on the noun that determines the semantics of the color adjective, and these meanings are often multipolar. The peculiarity of French coloronyms is that they include a large number of derivatives of complex lexemes – names of shades, formed contrary to the rules of French word formation. Opposition relations can include: the semantics of the main color – its shade, direct – figurative meaning, phraseological meanings, connotations, symbols, associations, and so on. French color vocabulary clearly reflects the peculiarities of specific national-cultural world view and is quite active in terms of semantic transformation: some meanings are lost, obsolete, become historicisms or archaisms with a positive or negative color, the symbolism of which is no longer understood. In addition to the linguistic and cultural connotations, there is an individual-subjective, associative one, but the main types of reinterpretation of French coloronyms are metaphor and metonymy. In most cases, French coloronyms represent incomplete enantiosemia, when coloronyms have a positive / neutral / negative meaning depending on the semantics of the noun.