Fast spacecraft charging induced by a high-power electron beam emission and its mitigation through a plasma contactor

IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Journal of Instrumentation Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI:10.1088/1748-0221/18/10/p10037
Bixi Xue, Qiang Zhao, Fang Zhang, Zhiwei Dong, Jianhong Hao, Jieqing Fan, Xiangchun Cao
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Abstract

Abstract Active sounding experiments, including tracing magnetic field lines and magnetospheric sounding, may be accomplished in the GEO environment by the active emission of high-power electron beams. The continual emission of electron beam pulses during such experiments may result in the accumulation of positive charges on the spacecraft surface and a rise in the spacecraft potential, which might prohibit the normal emission of succeeding pulses. The plasma contactor has been shown to be a reliable method for neutralizing the spacecraft potential. But as the active charging effect brought on by the high-current electron beam manifests itself more quickly, it is still unknown whether the plasma contactor can reliably control the spacecraft potential in this circumstance. In this study, a two-dimensional PIC model is used to examine the active charging effect brought on by high-power electron beam emission. Findings indicate that the potential neutralization process may be affected by the ion sheath that forms close to the emitting surface of the plasma contactor, which cuts the electrical connection between the spacecraft and plasma in space. By evaluating the quantities and growth speeds of different particles during active charging, we discover that lowering the particle density or pre-emission time of the plasma contactor may bring the spacecraft potential to the equilibrium state. Additionally, the high-current electron beam raises the peak potential, making it more difficult to launch the electron beam properly before the spacecraft potential reaches equilibrium. In contrast, the high-energy electron beam is less susceptible to the active charging effect.
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高功率电子束发射诱导的航天器快速充电及其等离子体接触器抑制
在地球同步轨道环境下,利用大功率电子束的主动发射可以完成主动探测实验,包括跟踪磁力线和磁层探测。在这种实验中,电子束脉冲的持续发射可能导致航天器表面正电荷的积累和航天器电位的上升,这可能会阻止后续脉冲的正常发射。等离子体接触器已被证明是一种消除航天器电势的可靠方法。但由于大电流电子束带来的主动充电效应表现得更快,等离子体接触器在这种情况下能否可靠地控制航天器电势仍然是一个未知数。本文采用二维PIC模型研究了高功率电子束发射引起的主动充电效应。研究结果表明,电位中和过程可能受到等离子体接触器发射表面附近形成的离子鞘层的影响,离子鞘层切断了航天器与空间等离子体之间的电连接。通过对主动充电过程中不同粒子数量和生长速度的评估,发现降低等离子体接触器的粒子密度或预发射时间可以使航天器电位达到平衡状态。此外,大电流电子束提高了峰值电位,使得在航天器电位达到平衡之前正确发射电子束变得更加困难。相反,高能电子束不太容易受到主动充电效应的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Instrumentation
Journal of Instrumentation 工程技术-仪器仪表
CiteScore
2.40
自引率
15.40%
发文量
827
审稿时长
7.5 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Instrumentation (JINST) covers major areas related to concepts and instrumentation in detector physics, accelerator science and associated experimental methods and techniques, theory, modelling and simulations. The main subject areas include. -Accelerators: concepts, modelling, simulations and sources- Instrumentation and hardware for accelerators: particles, synchrotron radiation, neutrons- Detector physics: concepts, processes, methods, modelling and simulations- Detectors, apparatus and methods for particle, astroparticle, nuclear, atomic, and molecular physics- Instrumentation and methods for plasma research- Methods and apparatus for astronomy and astrophysics- Detectors, methods and apparatus for biomedical applications, life sciences and material research- Instrumentation and techniques for medical imaging, diagnostics and therapy- Instrumentation and techniques for dosimetry, monitoring and radiation damage- Detectors, instrumentation and methods for non-destructive tests (NDT)- Detector readout concepts, electronics and data acquisition methods- Algorithms, software and data reduction methods- Materials and associated technologies, etc.- Engineering and technical issues. JINST also includes a section dedicated to technical reports and instrumentation theses.
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