P. Galve, B. Rodriguez-Vila, J. Herraiz, V. García-Vázquez, N. Malpica, José Manuel Udías, A. Torrado-Carvajal
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Hybrid imaging modalities combine two or more medical imaging techniques offering exciting new possibilities to image the structure, function and biochemistry of the human body in far greater detail than has previously been possible to improve patient diagnosis. In this context, simultaneous Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance (PET/MR) imaging offers great complementary information, but it also poses challenges from the point of view of hardware and software compatibility. The PET signal may interfere with the MR magnetic field and vice-versa, posing several challenges and constrains in the PET instrumentation for PET/MR systems. Additionally, anatomical maps are needed to properly apply attenuation and scatter corrections to the resulting reconstructed PET images, as well motion estimates to minimize the effects of movement throughout the acquisition. In this review, we summarize the instrumentation implemented in modern PET scanners to overcome these limitations, describing the historical development of hybrid PET/MR scanners. We pay special attention to the methods used in PET to achieve attenuation, scatter and motion correction when it is combined with MR, and how both imaging modalities may be combined in PET image reconstruction algorithms.
混合成像模式结合了两种或两种以上的医学成像技术,提供了令人兴奋的新可能性,可对人体的结构、功能和生物化学进行比以往更详细的成像,从而改善对病人的诊断。在这种情况下,同步正电子发射断层扫描和磁共振成像(PET/MR)可提供大量互补信息,但从硬件和软件兼容性的角度来看,它也带来了挑战。PET 信号可能会干扰 MR 磁场,反之亦然,这给 PET/MR 系统的 PET 仪器带来了一些挑战和限制。此外,还需要解剖图对重建的 PET 图像进行适当的衰减和散射校正,以及运动估计,以尽量减少整个采集过程中的运动影响。在这篇综述中,我们总结了现代 PET 扫描仪为克服这些限制而采用的仪器,介绍了 PET/MR 混合扫描仪的历史发展。我们特别关注 PET 与 MR 结合使用时实现衰减、散射和运动校正的方法,以及如何在 PET 图像重建算法中结合这两种成像模式。
期刊介绍:
Journal of Instrumentation (JINST) covers major areas related to concepts and instrumentation in detector physics, accelerator science and associated experimental methods and techniques, theory, modelling and simulations. The main subject areas include.
-Accelerators: concepts, modelling, simulations and sources-
Instrumentation and hardware for accelerators: particles, synchrotron radiation, neutrons-
Detector physics: concepts, processes, methods, modelling and simulations-
Detectors, apparatus and methods for particle, astroparticle, nuclear, atomic, and molecular physics-
Instrumentation and methods for plasma research-
Methods and apparatus for astronomy and astrophysics-
Detectors, methods and apparatus for biomedical applications, life sciences and material research-
Instrumentation and techniques for medical imaging, diagnostics and therapy-
Instrumentation and techniques for dosimetry, monitoring and radiation damage-
Detectors, instrumentation and methods for non-destructive tests (NDT)-
Detector readout concepts, electronics and data acquisition methods-
Algorithms, software and data reduction methods-
Materials and associated technologies, etc.-
Engineering and technical issues.
JINST also includes a section dedicated to technical reports and instrumentation theses.