An Integrated Analysis on the Synergistic Reduction of Carbon and Pollution Emissions from China’s Iron and Steel Industry

IF 10.1 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.eng.2023.09.018
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Abstract

Decarbonization and decontamination of the iron and steel industry (ISI), which contributes up to 15% to anthropogenic CO2 emissions (or carbon emissions) and significant proportions of air and water pollutant emissions in China, are challenged by the huge demand for steel. Carbon and pollutants often share common emission sources, indicating that emission reduction could be achieved synergistically. Here, we explored the inherent potential of measures to adjust feedstock composition and technological structure and to control the size of the ISI to achieve carbon emission reduction (CER) and pollution emission reduction (PER). We investigated five typical pollutants in this study, namely, petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants and chemical oxygen demand in wastewater, particulate matter, SO2, and NOx in off gases, and examined synergies between CER and PER by employing cross elasticity for the period between 2022 and 2035. The results suggest that a reduction of 8.7%–11.7% in carbon emissions and 20%–31% in pollution emissions (except for particulate matter emissions) could be achieved by 2025 under a high steel scrap ratio (SSR) scenario. Here, the SSR and electric arc furnace (EAF) ratio serve critical roles in enhancing synergies between CER and PER (which vary with the type of pollutant). However, subject to a limited volume of steel scrap, a focused increase in the EAF ratio with neglection of the available supply of steel scrap to EAF facilities would lead to an increase carbon and pollution emissions. Although CER can be achieved through SSR and EAF ratio optimization, only when the crude steel production growth rate remains below 2.2% can these optimization measures maintain the emissions in 2030 at a similar level to that in 2021. Therefore, the synergistic effects between PER and CER should be considered when formulating a development route for the ISI in the future.

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中国钢铁工业碳减排与污染减排的综合分析
钢铁工业(ISI)的脱碳和去污占中国人为二氧化碳排放(或碳排放)的15%,占空气和水污染物排放的很大比例,钢铁工业的脱碳和去污受到巨大钢铁需求的挑战。碳和污染物往往具有共同的排放源,这表明可以协同减排。在此,我们探讨了调整原料组成和技术结构以及控制ISI规模以实现碳减排(CER)和污染减排(PER)的内在潜力。本研究选取了5种典型污染物,即废水中的石油烃污染物和化学需氧量、颗粒物、SO2和废气中的NOx,并采用交叉弹性方法研究了2022 - 2035年期间CER和PER之间的协同效应。结果表明,到2025年,在高废钢比情景下,中国的碳排放可减少8.7% ~ 11.7%,污染排放(不含颗粒物排放)可减少20% ~ 31%。在这里,SSR和电弧炉(EAF)比例在增强CER和PER之间的协同作用(随污染物类型而异)方面发挥着关键作用。然而,在废钢数量有限的情况下,集中提高电炉利用率而忽视废钢对电炉设施的可用供应,将导致碳排放和污染排放的增加。虽然通过SSR和EAF比例优化可以实现CER,但只有当粗钢产量增长率保持在2.2%以下时,这些优化措施才能使2030年的排放量保持在与2021年相似的水平。因此,在制定未来ISI的发展路线时,应考虑PER和CER之间的协同效应。
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来源期刊
Engineering
Engineering Environmental Science-Environmental Engineering
自引率
1.60%
发文量
335
审稿时长
35 days
期刊介绍: Engineering, an international open-access journal initiated by the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) in 2015, serves as a distinguished platform for disseminating cutting-edge advancements in engineering R&D, sharing major research outputs, and highlighting key achievements worldwide. The journal's objectives encompass reporting progress in engineering science, fostering discussions on hot topics, addressing areas of interest, challenges, and prospects in engineering development, while considering human and environmental well-being and ethics in engineering. It aims to inspire breakthroughs and innovations with profound economic and social significance, propelling them to advanced international standards and transforming them into a new productive force. Ultimately, this endeavor seeks to bring about positive changes globally, benefit humanity, and shape a new future.
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