Beliefs, self-efficacy, subjective norms, and eating behaviors according to the breakfast frequency among female university students in South Korea.

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Nutrition Research and Practice Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-07 DOI:10.4162/nrp.2023.17.6.1170

Hye Jin Kim, Kyung Won Kim

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Abstract

Background/objectives: Skipping breakfast is prevalent in young adult women. This study examined the psychosocial factors and eating behaviors according to the breakfast frequency among female university students.

Subjects/methods: The subjects were female university students in Seoul, South Korea. A survey was done, and the data from 291 students were analyzed. The subjects were categorized into a high breakfast group (HBG) and low breakfast group (LBG). Analysis of covariance and multiple linear regression were mainly used in data analysis.

Results: The subjects had breakfast 3.6 days/week on average. The HBG (47.4%) and the LBG (52.6%) differed significantly in breakfast status, including place, people eating together, breakfast menu, and breakfast preparers (P < 0.001). The HBG agreed more strongly with the advantages of breakfast than the LBG (P < 0.001). The disadvantages/barriers of breakfast were stronger in the LBG (P < 0.001). The HBG felt more confidence in having breakfast (P < 0.001) and confidence in general eating behaviors (P < 0.05). The two groups also differed in the subjective norms from parents/professionals (P < 0.001) and siblings/friends (P < 0.01). The HBG showed desirable eating behaviors more frequently (P < 0.001) and undesirable eating behaviors less frequently (P < 0.001). Multiple regression showed that the following were significantly related to the breakfast frequency, explaining 57.3% of the variance: self-efficacy regarding having breakfast (P < 0.001), perceived barriers of breakfast (no appetite/habit/indigestion, P < 0.001), desirable and undesirable eating behaviors (P < 0.01), subjective norms from parents/professionals (P < 0.05), and perceived barriers due to lack of time/preparation difficulties (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: Psychosocial factors and eating behaviors were significantly related to the breakfast frequency. Nutrition education might include strategies to increase self-efficacy for breakfast, modify the beliefs, particularly the disadvantages/barriers of breakfast, adopt desirable eating behaviors, and elicit support from significant others.

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韩国女大学生的信念、自我效能感、主观规范和饮食行为与早餐频率的关系。

背景/目的：不吃早餐在年轻女性中很普遍。本研究调查了女大学生的社会心理因素以及与早餐频率相关的饮食行为：研究对象为韩国首尔的女大学生。对 291 名学生的数据进行了调查和分析。受试者被分为高早餐组（HBG）和低早餐组（LBG）。数据分析主要采用协方差分析和多元线性回归法：受试者平均每周吃早餐 3.6 天。HBG 组（47.4%）和 LBG 组（52.6%）在早餐状况上有显著差异，包括地点、一起用餐的人、早餐菜单和早餐准备人（P < 0.001）。对于早餐的优点，HBG 比 LBG 更为认同（P < 0.001）。对于早餐的缺点/障碍，LBG 的认同度更高（P < 0.001）。健康体重组对吃早餐更有信心（P < 0.001），对一般饮食行为更有信心（P < 0.05）。两组在父母/专业人士的主观标准（P < 0.001）和兄弟姐妹/朋友的主观标准（P < 0.01）方面也存在差异。河北省组表现出理想饮食行为的频率更高（P < 0.001），表现出不良饮食行为的频率更低（P < 0.001）。多元回归显示，以下因素与早餐频率有显著关系，解释了 57.3% 的方差：吃早餐的自我效能感（P < 0.001）、早餐障碍感（没有食欲/习惯/消化不良，P < 0.001）、理想和不理想的饮食行为（P < 0.01）、父母/专业人士的主观规范（P < 0.05）以及由于缺乏时间/准备困难而产生的障碍感（P < 0.05）：结论：心理社会因素和饮食行为与早餐频率有很大关系。营养教育可包括提高早餐的自我效能感、改变信念（尤其是早餐的不利因素/障碍）、采取理想的饮食行为以及获得重要他人的支持等策略。

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来源期刊

Nutrition Research and Practice NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

4.20%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Nutrition Research and Practice (NRP) is an official journal, jointly published by the Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition since 2007. The journal had been published quarterly at the initial stage and has been published bimonthly since 2010. NRP aims to stimulate research and practice across diverse areas of human nutrition. The Journal publishes peer-reviewed original manuscripts on nutrition biochemistry and metabolism, community nutrition, nutrition and disease management, nutritional epidemiology, nutrition education, foodservice management in the following categories: Original Research Articles, Notes, Communications, and Reviews. Reviews will be received by the invitation of the editors only. Statements made and opinions expressed in the manuscripts published in this Journal represent the views of authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Societies.