Active constituents and their therapeutic and pharmacological role in the most used herbs in Basrah

Abstract

Basrah is a southern Iraq governorate bordering Kuwait to the south and Iran to the east. It is the second population city in Iraq after Baghdad. Via the directed questionnaire to 22 herbalists, a list of medicinal herbs used in ascending order by the flock in a city was obtained. The five most used herbs on the list head are Matricaria chamomilla (chamomile), Nigella sativa (black seed), Anchusa italica (Italian bugloss), Pimpinella anisum (anise), and Trigonella foenum graecu (fenugreek). GC\MS analysis of the first five herbs displayed numerous remarkable constituents, including N-Hexadecanoic acid, Thymoquinone, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, 2,3-Dihydroxypropyl ester, 5- Hydroxymethylfurfural, Anethole, Vitamin E, Campesterol, Stigmasterol, and gamma.-Sitosterol that elucidate the purpose from a comprehensive utilization of these herbs by folk in the city. A current study adds a new input to the database. It exhibits an integrative investigation of Basrah governorate’s most used medicinal herbs, their constituents, and their therapeutic and pharmacological role. Keywords: Basrah, Constituents, GC/MS, Herbs, Pharmacology role, Therapy role