Probiotics and Cancer : A Review on the anti-cancer activity of probiotics

Abstract

Among the most prominent diseases in the world, the number of cancer cases has steadily increased over the last few decades. It has also developed into a significant global issue as a result of its increasing mortality. Even though various anti-cancer medications exist, we have not been able to eradicate cancer totally. The numerous undesirable effects associated with cancer therapy further emphasize the importance of developing an alternative technique of cancer treatment. Recent research has established the beneficial effects of a probiotic diet or supplementation against cancer without displaying any detrimental consequences. In humans, an imbalance in the gut microbiome can act as a trigger for the onset of a variety of diseases, including cancer. Probiotics play a critical role in re-establishing the composition of the gut flora, which can aid in cancer prevention. Additionally, they can limit the invasion and spread of infections that have the potential to cause cancer. Probiotics can combat cancer in a variety of ways, including by eliciting and boosting the immune response, secreting metabolites, preventing cancer cells from metastasizing, inhibiting carcinogenic chemicals and mitigating their toxicity, etc. This review aims to summarize the role of probiotics and their mechanisms of action against the different types of cancers. Additionally, this review highlights the benefits of probiotic use in pre- and post-operative cancer patients