The Late Oligocene flora of Hungary

Abstract

In Hungary, late Oligocene (Chattian, reg. str. Kiscellian and Egerian) plant remains have been preserved in sediments of the Törökbálint (Mány and Kovačov members) and Eger formations. An overview and revision of these late Oligocene macrofloras, both newly excavated and already published, are presented. Nearly a hundred plant taxa are described from the localities Andornaktálya, Csörög, Eger Wind-brickyard, Kesztölc, Környe, Leányfalu, Máriahalom, Nagysáp, Pomáz, Pusztaberki, Rétság, Tarján, Verőcemaros, and Vértesszőlős. Floristic results help understand and interpret the flora and vegetation change during the Oligocene. The appearance of temperate floristic elements in the late Oligocene floras may have been related to habitats strongly influenced by edaphic factors and the better adaptability of the new, temperate elements to a quickly changing environment.