In Hungary, late Oligocene (Chattian, reg. str. Kiscellian and Egerian) plant remains have been preserved in sediments of the Törökbálint (Mány and Kovačov members) and Eger formations. An overview and revision of these late Oligocene macrofloras, both newly excavated and already published, are presented. Nearly a hundred plant taxa are described from the localities Andornaktálya, Csörög, Eger Wind-brickyard, Kesztölc, Környe, Leányfalu, Máriahalom, Nagysáp, Pomáz, Pusztaberki, Rétság, Tarján, Verőcemaros, and Vértesszőlős. Floristic results help understand and interpret the flora and vegetation change during the Oligocene. The appearance of temperate floristic elements in the late Oligocene floras may have been related to habitats strongly influenced by edaphic factors and the better adaptability of the new, temperate elements to a quickly changing environment.
在匈牙利，Törökbálint（Mány 和 Kovačov 地层）和 Eger 地层的沉积物中保存有晚渐新世（Chattian，reg. str. Kiscellian 和 Egerian）植物遗骸。本文对这些晚渐新世的大型植物进行了概述和修订，其中既有新发掘的植物，也有已经出版的植物。报告描述了来自 Andornaktálya、Csörög、Eger Wind-brickyard、Kesztölc、Környe、Leányfalu、Máriahalom、Nagysáp、Pomáz、Pusztaberki、Rétság、Tarján、Verőcemaros 和 Vértesszőlős 等地的近百个植物分类群。植物学成果有助于理解和解释渐新世期间植物区系和植被的变化。渐新世晚期植物区系中温带植物元素的出现可能与受环境因素强烈影响的栖息地有关，也可能与新的温带植物元素更能适应快速变化的环境有关。
{"title":"The Late Oligocene flora of Hungary","authors":"L. Hably, B. Erdei","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2023-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2023-0011","url":null,"abstract":"In Hungary, late Oligocene (Chattian, reg. str. Kiscellian and Egerian) plant remains have been preserved in sediments of the Törökbálint (Mány and Kovačov members) and Eger formations. An overview and revision of these late Oligocene macrofloras, both newly excavated and already published, are presented. Nearly a hundred plant taxa are described from the localities Andornaktálya, Csörög, Eger Wind-brickyard, Kesztölc, Környe, Leányfalu, Máriahalom, Nagysáp, Pomáz, Pusztaberki, Rétság, Tarján, Verőcemaros, and Vértesszőlős. Floristic results help understand and interpret the flora and vegetation change during the Oligocene. The appearance of temperate floristic elements in the late Oligocene floras may have been related to habitats strongly influenced by edaphic factors and the better adaptability of the new, temperate elements to a quickly changing environment.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"2 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139135704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anatomically preserved lycophytes of the Lycopodiales and Selaginellales have been discovered among a diverse assemblage of plants and fungi in carbonate marine concretions at the Apple Bay locality along the shore of Holbert Inlet near the northern end of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. Lycopodialean stems are plectostelic and actinostelic, branch dichotomously, and are similar to both Lycopodicaulis oellgaardii and Lycoxylon spp. The Selaginella specimens represent the first anatomically preserved Selaginellales with excellent internal cellular preservation in the fossil record, and are described as Selaginella quatsinoense Rothwell et Stockey sp. nov. Stems have three and five exarch, monarch stelar segments, each of which is surrounded by an aerenchymatous endodermis with trabeculae. The leaf base is indented on the adaxial surface, suggesting the position of a ligule. These fossils document that species with diagnostic internal anatomy of modern Lycopodiales and Selaginellales evolved no later than the Valanginian of the early Cretaceous.
{"title":"Anatomically preserved early Cretaceous lycophyte shoots; enriching the paleontological record of Lycopodiales and Selaginellales","authors":"G. Rothwell, R. Stockey","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2023-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2023-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Anatomically preserved lycophytes of the Lycopodiales and Selaginellales have been discovered among a diverse assemblage of plants and fungi in carbonate marine concretions at the Apple Bay locality along the shore of Holbert Inlet near the northern end of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. Lycopodialean stems are plectostelic and actinostelic, branch dichotomously, and are similar to both Lycopodicaulis oellgaardii and Lycoxylon spp. The Selaginella specimens represent the first anatomically preserved Selaginellales with excellent internal cellular preservation in the fossil record, and are described as Selaginella quatsinoense Rothwell et Stockey sp. nov. Stems have three and five exarch, monarch stelar segments, each of which is surrounded by an aerenchymatous endodermis with trabeculae. The leaf base is indented on the adaxial surface, suggesting the position of a ligule. These fossils document that species with diagnostic internal anatomy of modern Lycopodiales and Selaginellales evolved no later than the Valanginian of the early Cretaceous.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"76 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139132040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Vilas-Boas, Z. Pereira, S. Cirilli, Luís V. Duarte, Sérgio Luis Rodrigues Sêco, P. Fernandes
The Silves Group of the Lusitanian Basin in Portugal represents the initial infill of the continental rifting basins that formed during the breakup of northern Pangaea regions. Evaporites, especially halite, mark the transition from continental to marine settings and the beginning of the deposition in passive margin basins. This work presents the results of the palynostratigraphic and palynofacies analysis of two partial sections from the Pereiros Formation at the top of the Silves Group. The two sections are composed of sandstones, mudstones and dolostones interpreted as deposited in fluvial and lacustrine settings without apparent marine influence. The palynological content is diverse and wellpreserved, dating both sections to the early Hettangian (Lower Jurassic), indicated by the presence of spores Ischyosporites variegatus, Kraeuselisporites reissingeri, Porcellispora longdonensis and the pollen grains Perinopollenites elatoides and Pinuspollenites minimus. The palynological content of one of the sections (Lamas I) is noticeable by microforaminifera linings, suggesting evidence for a hitherto marine incursion at this age in the Silves Group stratigraphy. The beds that yielded the microforaminifera linings are interpreted as having been deposited in an estuarine-type setting, created by the first and short-lived marine transgressive event in the Lusitanian Basin during the early Hettangian.
{"title":"Palynology and palynofacies studies in the lowermost Jurassic of the Lusitanian Basin (Pereiros Formation of the Silves Group), Portugal: evidence of the first transgressive episode","authors":"M. Vilas-Boas, Z. Pereira, S. Cirilli, Luís V. Duarte, Sérgio Luis Rodrigues Sêco, P. Fernandes","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2023-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2023-0008","url":null,"abstract":"The Silves Group of the Lusitanian Basin in Portugal represents the initial infill of the continental rifting basins that formed during the breakup of northern Pangaea regions. Evaporites, especially halite, mark the transition from continental to marine settings and the beginning of the deposition in passive margin basins. This work presents the results of the palynostratigraphic and palynofacies analysis of two partial sections from the Pereiros Formation at the top of the Silves Group. The two sections are composed of sandstones, mudstones and dolostones interpreted as deposited in fluvial and lacustrine settings without apparent marine influence. The palynological content is diverse and wellpreserved, dating both sections to the early Hettangian (Lower Jurassic), indicated by the presence of spores Ischyosporites variegatus, Kraeuselisporites reissingeri, Porcellispora longdonensis and the pollen grains Perinopollenites elatoides and Pinuspollenites minimus. The palynological content of one of the sections (Lamas I) is noticeable by microforaminifera linings, suggesting evidence for a hitherto marine incursion at this age in the Silves Group stratigraphy. The beds that yielded the microforaminifera linings are interpreted as having been deposited in an estuarine-type setting, created by the first and short-lived marine transgressive event in the Lusitanian Basin during the early Hettangian.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"115 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139133261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nilay Govind, Mrutyunjaya Sahoo, S. S. K. Pillai, Suraj Kumar Sahu
The interest and importance of studying the reproductive strategies of Palaeozoic plants are growing. Fossil seeds play an essential role in this line of study, as they are widely described from different sedimentary formations throughout the Permian period. The Indian Permian Seed Database (IPSD) software will be an information system for ensuring the storage, safety, accessibility and recovery of the details of Indian Permian seed records in a selective manner. The current database includes 28 genera and 44 species of compressed seeds described from Lower Gondwana (Permian), with all the details for researchers. The software provides options for addition, deletion, modification and search facility. The search also includes different options (single or combination). It is a quick and organised way to look for seeds, especially on a data grid for information about seeds that have already been published in the same or different sediments. IPSD is a tool for the computer-based identification of seeds and distinguishing different genera or species within the same category. It is user-friendly and provides updated knowledge of seeds from the Lower Gondwana basins of India. It provides morphotaxonomical characters, distribution and photo documentation of seeds. The software increases accuracy through computerassisted identification of seeds. Hence, reducing and curtailing unnecessary information while describing a new species with inadequate earlier knowledge of Permian seeds.
{"title":"IPSD: e-repository of Permian seeds from Indian Lower Gondwana","authors":"Nilay Govind, Mrutyunjaya Sahoo, S. S. K. Pillai, Suraj Kumar Sahu","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2023-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2023-0010","url":null,"abstract":"The interest and importance of studying the reproductive strategies of Palaeozoic plants are growing. Fossil seeds play an essential role in this line of study, as they are widely described from different sedimentary formations throughout the Permian period. The Indian Permian Seed Database (IPSD) software will be an information system for ensuring the storage, safety, accessibility and recovery of the details of Indian Permian seed records in a selective manner. The current database includes 28 genera and 44 species of compressed seeds described from Lower Gondwana (Permian), with all the details for researchers. The software provides options for addition, deletion, modification and search facility. The search also includes different options (single or combination). It is a quick and organised way to look for seeds, especially on a data grid for information about seeds that have already been published in the same or different sediments. IPSD is a tool for the computer-based identification of seeds and distinguishing different genera or species within the same category. It is user-friendly and provides updated knowledge of seeds from the Lower Gondwana basins of India. It provides morphotaxonomical characters, distribution and photo documentation of seeds. The software increases accuracy through computerassisted identification of seeds. Hence, reducing and curtailing unnecessary information while describing a new species with inadequate earlier knowledge of Permian seeds.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"78 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139130589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Muradyan, Alla Hayrapetyan, Marieta Asatryan, H. Sonyan
Crocus L. (Iridaceae) is systematically a very problematic genus due to the lack of clear distinctive features, wide range of habitats and the heterogeneity of morphological features. This genus is also highly heterogeneous from a karyological point of view. Apart from the most common spiraperturate pollen grains in Crocus, the authors frequently mentioned a number of other aperture types for individual species (subspecies, variations, etc.), i.e. polyrugoidate, nonaperturate (inaperturate), polyaperturate, with more or less extensive furrows, with short furrows, etc. The purpose of this work is to perform a palyno-morphological analysis of pollen aperture types noted in the genus Crocus. The reason for the study is a significant disagreement among researchers when describing the types of pollen apertures in the genus Crocus. An analysis of the literature, as well as the results of our previous studies, showed that the genus Crocus is characterized by inaperturate (nonaperturate), polyaperturoidate, spiraperturate and net-like pollen apertures. The similar net-like apertures were observed for some representatives of the subgenus Scorpiris Sach of the genus Iris L., in particular, in Iris atropatana Grossh. In our opinion, this aperture type can serve as a link between the genus Crocus and the subgenus Scorpiris of the genus Iris. We suggest, that the spiraperturate pollen type mentioned most often for the representatives of the genus Crocus can be considered the basic type within the genus. On the other hand, formless aperture-like areas are genetically unstable transitory variations, which occurred arbitrarily due to mutations. Finally, “polyrugoidate” (or with net-like apertures) pollen type noted in the literature for C. chrysanthus subsp. punctatus F.Candan et N.Özhatay may be considered to be more advanced in the genus Crocus
{"title":"Some notes on the types of pollen aperture in the genus Crocus L. (Iridaceae)","authors":"A. Muradyan, Alla Hayrapetyan, Marieta Asatryan, H. Sonyan","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2023-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2023-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Crocus L. (Iridaceae) is systematically a very problematic genus due to the lack of clear distinctive features, wide range of habitats and the heterogeneity of morphological features. This genus is also highly heterogeneous from a karyological point of view. Apart from the most common spiraperturate pollen grains in Crocus, the authors frequently mentioned a number of other aperture types for individual species (subspecies, variations, etc.), i.e. polyrugoidate, nonaperturate (inaperturate), polyaperturate, with more or less extensive furrows, with short furrows, etc. The purpose of this work is to perform a palyno-morphological analysis of pollen aperture types noted in the genus Crocus. The reason for the study is a significant disagreement among researchers when describing the types of pollen apertures in the genus Crocus. An analysis of the literature, as well as the results of our previous studies, showed that the genus Crocus is characterized by inaperturate (nonaperturate), polyaperturoidate, spiraperturate and net-like pollen apertures. The similar net-like apertures were observed for some representatives of the subgenus Scorpiris Sach of the genus Iris L., in particular, in Iris atropatana Grossh. In our opinion, this aperture type can serve as a link between the genus Crocus and the subgenus Scorpiris of the genus Iris. We suggest, that the spiraperturate pollen type mentioned most often for the representatives of the genus Crocus can be considered the basic type within the genus. On the other hand, formless aperture-like areas are genetically unstable transitory variations, which occurred arbitrarily due to mutations. Finally, “polyrugoidate” (or with net-like apertures) pollen type noted in the literature for C. chrysanthus subsp. punctatus F.Candan et N.Özhatay may be considered to be more advanced in the genus Crocus","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"50 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139132476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent molecular phylogenetic studies of Camphorosmoideae (Chenopodiaceae) demonstrated that Camphorosma is monophyletic. Palynomorphological peculiarities are used in taxonomy as additional diagnostic features and pollen analysis. Pollen morphology was studied using light and scanning electron microscopy, based on 13 specimens belonging to four species (C. annua, C. lessingii, C. monspeliaca and C. songorica). The aim of this research was to provide new data on pollen characteristics of the above mentioned species and to evaluate their taxonomic value. The results obtained show that pollen grains are pantoporate, spheroidal, circular in outline, undulate or slightly undulate on the edges; small or medium-sized. Pores are circular, with distinct margins. Exine sculpture is nanoechinate, tectum psilate or psilate-perforate. Pore membranes are nanoechinate. Taxonomic relevance of the most important characters of pollen grains (pollen diameter, pore number, pore diameter, distance between pores and between pore centres, C/D value, nanoechini density, presence/absence of perforations, number of nanoechini on pore membranes, structure of columellae) is discussed. The exine structure of pollen grains of all species was analysed for the first time in the current study. Pollen morphology proved to be an important additional source of information for taxonomy for species-specific identification and pollen analysis within Camphorosma. Palynomorphological data are interpreted in the existing phylogenetic framework.
{"title":"New data on pollen morphology of the genus Camphorosma (Chenopodiaceae)","authors":"Z. Tsymbalyuk, S. Mosyakin, L. Nitsenko","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2023-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2023-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Recent molecular phylogenetic studies of Camphorosmoideae (Chenopodiaceae) demonstrated that Camphorosma is monophyletic. Palynomorphological peculiarities are used in taxonomy as additional diagnostic features and pollen analysis. Pollen morphology was studied using light and scanning electron microscopy, based on 13 specimens belonging to four species (C. annua, C. lessingii, C. monspeliaca and C. songorica). The aim of this research was to provide new data on pollen characteristics of the above mentioned species and to evaluate their taxonomic value. The results obtained show that pollen grains are pantoporate, spheroidal, circular in outline, undulate or slightly undulate on the edges; small or medium-sized. Pores are circular, with distinct margins. Exine sculpture is nanoechinate, tectum psilate or psilate-perforate. Pore membranes are nanoechinate. Taxonomic relevance of the most important characters of pollen grains (pollen diameter, pore number, pore diameter, distance between pores and between pore centres, C/D value, nanoechini density, presence/absence of perforations, number of nanoechini on pore membranes, structure of columellae) is discussed. The exine structure of pollen grains of all species was analysed for the first time in the current study. Pollen morphology proved to be an important additional source of information for taxonomy for species-specific identification and pollen analysis within Camphorosma. Palynomorphological data are interpreted in the existing phylogenetic framework.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69872901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated the history of the development of six, paleo-lakes, which are at present filled with sediments, in a dune area in Central Poland, based on multiproxy paleoecological analyses and accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dating. The aims of the paleoecological studies were: i) to determine the initial age of lakes development, ii) to reconstruct the local and regional plant succession, as well as iii) to reconstruct the environmental conditions during the initial stage of the development of lakes and peatlands. The obtained results indicated that: the former lakes in dune depressions were developed during the Bølling and Allerød when sparse vegetation allowed strong aeolian activity. Climate warming in Bølling led to the development of a denser plant cover, inhibition of sand transportation and the formation of mid-dune reservoirs with the accumulation of organic sediments. As indicated by 14C dating, mid-dunes basins were formed between 14 686 ± 60 cal. yr BP and 13 421 ± 60 cal. yr BP. The results of the paleobotanical analysis suggested that the reservoirs were shallow, oligo-mesotrophic, inhabited by pioneer calcicole vascular plant species such as: Chara sp., Hippuris vulgaris, Potamogeton natans, Potamogeton fresii, Potamogeton alpinus and Potamogeton filiformis, and mosses such as: Pseudocalliergon trifarium, Calliergon sp. and Calliergonella cordifolium. The area next to the reservoirs was covered with sparse pine forests combined with birch, which is typical of the Late Glacial period. The open areas were dominated by psammophilic and steppe vegetation, including Poaceae, Artemisia and Hippophae rhamnoides. Geochemical analysis revealed that Ca2+ and Fe3+ were in high concentrations, which could have influenced the presence of taxa preferring soil with high Ca2+ content. The accumulation of calcium in sediments confirms that the reservoirs were fed by groundwater originating from the progressive degradation of permafrost associated with thermal changes.
基于多代古生态分析和加速器质谱放射性碳测年，研究了波兰中部沙丘地区6个古湖泊的发育历史，这些湖泊目前充满沉积物。古生态学研究的目的是:1)确定湖泊发育的初始年龄;2)重建局部和区域植物演替;3)重建湖泊和泥炭地发育初始阶段的环境条件。结果表明:沙丘洼地原湖发育于Bølling期和allerlod期，植被稀疏，风成活动强烈。气候变暖导致Bølling地区植被覆盖密度增大，沙粒输运受到抑制，有机沉积物聚集形成沙丘中部储层。14C测年表明，中沙丘盆地形成于14 686±60 cal. yr BP ~ 13 421±60 cal. yr BP之间。古植物学分析结果表明，该水库为浅层低中营养型，栖息着早期钙化维管束植物:Chara sp.、Hippuris vulgaris、Potamogeton natans、Potamogeton fresii、Potamogeton alpinus和Potamogeton filiformis，以及苔藓:pseudoalliergon trifarium、Calliergon sp.和Calliergonella cordifolium。水库旁边的地区覆盖着稀疏的松林和桦树，这是典型的晚冰川期。开阔地以禾科植物、蒿属植物和沙棘属植物为主。地球化学分析表明，土壤中Ca2+和Fe3+浓度较高，这可能影响了类群对高Ca2+含量土壤的偏好。沉积物中钙的积累证实了水库是由与热变化有关的永久冻土逐渐退化产生的地下水补给的。
{"title":"Late Glacial development of lakes and wetland vegetation in a dune area in Central Poland","authors":"A. M. Lewandowska, K. Milecka, P. Niedzielski","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2023-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2023-0001","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the history of the development of six, paleo-lakes, which are at present filled with sediments, in a dune area in Central Poland, based on multiproxy paleoecological analyses and accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dating. The aims of the paleoecological studies were: i) to determine the initial age of lakes development, ii) to reconstruct the local and regional plant succession, as well as iii) to reconstruct the environmental conditions during the initial stage of the development of lakes and peatlands. The obtained results indicated that: the former lakes in dune depressions were developed during the Bølling and Allerød when sparse vegetation allowed strong aeolian activity. Climate warming in Bølling led to the development of a denser plant cover, inhibition of sand transportation and the formation of mid-dune reservoirs with the accumulation of organic sediments. As indicated by 14C dating, mid-dunes basins were formed between 14 686 ± 60 cal. yr BP and 13 421 ± 60 cal. yr BP. The results of the paleobotanical analysis suggested that the reservoirs were shallow, oligo-mesotrophic, inhabited by pioneer calcicole vascular plant species such as: Chara sp., Hippuris vulgaris, Potamogeton natans, Potamogeton fresii, Potamogeton alpinus and Potamogeton filiformis, and mosses such as: Pseudocalliergon trifarium, Calliergon sp. and Calliergonella cordifolium. The area next to the reservoirs was covered with sparse pine forests combined with birch, which is typical of the Late Glacial period. The open areas were dominated by psammophilic and steppe vegetation, including Poaceae, Artemisia and Hippophae rhamnoides. Geochemical analysis revealed that Ca2+ and Fe3+ were in high concentrations, which could have influenced the presence of taxa preferring soil with high Ca2+ content. The accumulation of calcium in sediments confirms that the reservoirs were fed by groundwater originating from the progressive degradation of permafrost associated with thermal changes.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69872009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. L. Hernández-Damián, Marco A. Rubalcava-Knoth, Sergio Rafael Silvestre Cevallos Ferriz
Cannabaceae (Urticalean Rosids clade) is a small family with ten genera and a wide distribution in tropical and temperate regions worldwide. A complete understanding of the history of the lineage is fundamental to the integration of its fossil record, which needs to be better documented in low latitudes of North America. This work recognizes a new species, Aphananthe manchesteri Hernández-Damián, Rubalcava-Knoth et Cevallos- Ferriz sp. nov. (Cannabaceae), from the Miocene amber deposits of Simojovel de Allende, Chiapas, Mexico, based on a flower analyzed with reflected light and CT-scanning. Flowers of Cannabaceae are generally staminate or pistillate and small; staminate flowers have five sepals and opposite five stamens, and a pubescent pistillode, such as the fossil. However, the presence of three unguiculate and two ovate sepals with a puberulent surface are characteristics that allow its recognition as Aphananthe, the fossil is morphologically similar to Aphananthe monoica, an extant species that grows along the Pacific coast of Mexico. The presence of Aphananthe manchesteri sp. nov. in southern Mexico during the middle-early Miocene, ~23–15 Ma ago, supports the history of the lineage in lowlatitude North America, representing an expansion of the Boreotropical Flora. It adds to the taxonomical diversity of angiosperms preserved in Mexican amber, comparable with amber deposits from the Dominican Republic, where another anemophilous extinct species member of the Urticalean Rosids clade has been reported. This coincidence further supports the development of similar plant communities between these fossiliferous localities.
大麻科是一个小科，有10个属，广泛分布于全球热带和温带地区。完整地了解这一谱系的历史是整合其化石记录的基础，这些化石记录需要在北美低纬度地区得到更好的记录。这项工作确认了一个新的物种，Aphananthe manchesteri Hernández-Damián, Rubalcava-Knoth et Cevallos- Ferriz sp. 11 .(大麻科)，来自墨西哥恰帕斯州Simojovel de Allende中新世琥珀矿床，基于反光光和ct扫描分析的花。大麻科的花通常雄蕊或雌蕊，小;雄蕊花有五个萼片和对生的五个雄蕊，和一个短柔毛的雌蕊，如化石。然而，它的三个蹄形和两个卵形萼片，表面有微柔毛，这是它被识别为Aphananthe的特征，化石在形态上与生长在墨西哥太平洋沿岸的现存物种Aphananthe monoica相似。Aphananthe manchesteri sp. nov.在中新世中早期(~ 23-15 Ma)在墨西哥南部的存在，支持了该谱系在北美低纬度地区的历史，代表了北温带植物区系的扩张。它增加了墨西哥琥珀中保存的被子植物的分类多样性，可与多米尼加共和国的琥珀矿床相媲美，多米尼加共和国报道了另一种已灭绝的风性物种，属于Urticalean Rosids分支。这种巧合进一步支持了这些化石地点之间类似植物群落的发展。
{"title":"Aphananthe Planch. (Cannabaceae) flower preserved in the Mexican amber","authors":"A. L. Hernández-Damián, Marco A. Rubalcava-Knoth, Sergio Rafael Silvestre Cevallos Ferriz","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2023-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2023-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Cannabaceae (Urticalean Rosids clade) is a small family with ten genera and a wide distribution in tropical and temperate regions worldwide. A complete understanding of the history of the lineage is fundamental to the integration of its fossil record, which needs to be better documented in low latitudes of North America. This work recognizes a new species, Aphananthe manchesteri Hernández-Damián, Rubalcava-Knoth et Cevallos- Ferriz sp. nov. (Cannabaceae), from the Miocene amber deposits of Simojovel de Allende, Chiapas, Mexico, based on a flower analyzed with reflected light and CT-scanning. Flowers of Cannabaceae are generally staminate or pistillate and small; staminate flowers have five sepals and opposite five stamens, and a pubescent pistillode, such as the fossil. However, the presence of three unguiculate and two ovate sepals with a puberulent surface are characteristics that allow its recognition as Aphananthe, the fossil is morphologically similar to Aphananthe monoica, an extant species that grows along the Pacific coast of Mexico. The presence of Aphananthe manchesteri sp. nov. in southern Mexico during the middle-early Miocene, ~23–15 Ma ago, supports the history of the lineage in lowlatitude North America, representing an expansion of the Boreotropical Flora. It adds to the taxonomical diversity of angiosperms preserved in Mexican amber, comparable with amber deposits from the Dominican Republic, where another anemophilous extinct species member of the Urticalean Rosids clade has been reported. This coincidence further supports the development of similar plant communities between these fossiliferous localities.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69872477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to the relatively small number of lakes in the southern part of Belarus, in the Polesie region, each lake and its bottom sediments are of great scientific interest for palaeoecological reconstructions. Lake Sporovskoye is one of the largest lakes in Belarusian Polesie, previously studied in the field of palaeoecology by a number of researchers. The discovery in 2018 of the Kakoryca-4 archaeological site near Lake Sporovskoye inspired the beginning of this study, during which new palaeoecological data were obtained. The purpose of the article was to build palaeoecological reconstructions based on spore-pollen, macroremains, sedimentological, and radiocarbon analyses of the Sporovo II core. As a result, it was proven that Lake Sporovskoye was formed in the Late Glacial. Water level changes in the lake, as well as a period of increased activity of the Yaselda River, were detected in the Holocene. The author proposed the reconstructions of regional and local vegetation and corrected some previous views on the development of the study area in the Late Glacial and Holocene.
{"title":"The natural environment in the vicinity of Lake Sporovskoye in the Late Glacial and Holocene","authors":"D. Tsvirko","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2023-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2023-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the relatively small number of lakes in the southern part of Belarus, in the Polesie region, each lake and its bottom sediments are of great scientific interest for palaeoecological reconstructions. Lake Sporovskoye is one of the largest lakes in Belarusian Polesie, previously studied in the field of palaeoecology by a number of researchers. The discovery in 2018 of the Kakoryca-4 archaeological site near Lake Sporovskoye inspired the beginning of this study, during which new palaeoecological data were obtained. The purpose of the article was to build palaeoecological reconstructions based on spore-pollen, macroremains, sedimentological, and radiocarbon analyses of the Sporovo II core. As a result, it was proven that Lake Sporovskoye was formed in the Late Glacial. Water level changes in the lake, as well as a period of increased activity of the Yaselda River, were detected in the Holocene. The author proposed the reconstructions of regional and local vegetation and corrected some previous views on the development of the study area in the Late Glacial and Holocene.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69872598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We investigated leaf, cone and fruit impressions preserved in a siltstone deposit between coal seams in the late Paleocene Tongue River Member near Otter, southeast Montana, to assess the floristic diversity and composition. We document the presence of Taxodium based on seed cone scales as well as foliage branches and associated pollen cones, and a low-diversity angiosperm assemblage of about 15 genera dominated by Platanaceae (Platanus, Macginitiea, Macginistemon) and Cornales (Cornus, Davidia, Amersinia, Browniea), cf. Trochodendraceae (Zizyphoides, Nordenskioeldia), augmented by Aesculus, Trochodendroides, Ulmites and Porosia. Most of these genera were widespread in the Paleocene of the Northern Hemisphere. The low diversity of this florule is consistent with that of Tiffanian assemblages elsewhere in Montana and Wyoming. The leaf known as Phyllites demoresii Brown is proposed as a likely candidate to correspond with the extinct fruits called Porosia verrucosa (Lesquereux) Hickey emend. Manchester et Kodrul.
{"title":"The Paleocene Horse Creek florule, Tongue River Member of the Fort Union Formation, southeastern Montana, USA","authors":"S. Manchester, Alyssa Foster, Terry A. Lott","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2023-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2023-0003","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated leaf, cone and fruit impressions preserved in a siltstone deposit between coal seams in the late Paleocene Tongue River Member near Otter, southeast Montana, to assess the floristic diversity and composition. We document the presence of Taxodium based on seed cone scales as well as foliage branches and associated pollen cones, and a low-diversity angiosperm assemblage of about 15 genera dominated by Platanaceae (Platanus, Macginitiea, Macginistemon) and Cornales (Cornus, Davidia, Amersinia, Browniea), cf. Trochodendraceae (Zizyphoides, Nordenskioeldia), augmented by Aesculus, Trochodendroides, Ulmites and Porosia. Most of these genera were widespread in the Paleocene of the Northern Hemisphere. The low diversity of this florule is consistent with that of Tiffanian assemblages elsewhere in Montana and Wyoming. The leaf known as Phyllites demoresii Brown is proposed as a likely candidate to correspond with the extinct fruits called Porosia verrucosa (Lesquereux) Hickey emend. Manchester et Kodrul.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69872464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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