Divine Pedagogy in the Face of Educational Crisis. On the Approach of Joseph Ratzinger/Benedict XVI

Marzena Górecka
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Abstract

Joseph Ratzinger – Benedict XVI, one of the greatest thinkers of mankind and the greatest Pope-theologian in the history of the modern Church, has devoted much attention to a critical analysis of the spirit of the age and the spiritual condition of modern people, living as if God did not exist. The Pope’s diagnosis is unequivocal and utterly pessimistic. He writes openly about the spiritual void, the drama of the times and even the tunnel in which humanity has found itself. At the core of this condition, according to Benedict XVI, there are two postmodern phenomena: relativism and secularism, leading people, above all young people, into spiritual regress and deformation. In the face of these threats and their disastrous consequences, the Pope from Germany proposes that the spiritual development of young people become the most urgent challenge and priority task to be carried out jointly by all the different groups of educators: parents, teachers, pedagogues, catechists, and the clergy. Of the many tasks and remedies needed to achieve success, which Benedict XVI outlined for educators in his speeches and writings, three aspects are particularly fundamental: personalism, theo- and Christocentrism, and integrity and reference to conscience. The perception of a young person as a subject through his or her ontological relationship with the living God revealed in Jesus Christ and the formation of a conscience, through which a young person may take responsibility for himself or herself and co-responsibility for others, guarantee authentic education and can restore hope to contemporary people and the world.
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面对教育危机的神圣教学法。论约瑟夫-拉青格/本笃十六世的方法
约瑟夫-拉青格-本笃十六世是人类最伟大的思想家之一,也是现代教会历史上最伟大的教皇神学家,他对这个时代的精神和现代人的精神状况进行了批判性的分析。教皇的诊断是明确和完全悲观的。他坦率地写道,精神空虚,时代戏剧,甚至是人类所处的隧道。本笃十六世认为,这种状况的核心是两种后现代现象:相对主义和世俗主义,它们将人们,尤其是年轻人,引向精神倒退和畸形。面对这些威胁及其灾难性后果,这位来自德国的教皇建议,青少年的精神发展应成为最紧迫的挑战和最优先的任务,由所有不同的教育工作者群体:家长、教师、教育工作者、慕道者和神职人员共同完成。本笃十六世在他的演讲和著作中为教育工作者概述了取得成功所需的众多任务和补救措施,其中有三个方面尤为重要:个人主义、神学和基督中心主义、正直和良知。通过青年人与耶稣基督启示的永生上帝之间的本体论关系,将青年人视为一个主体,并培养青年人的良知,通过良知,青年人可以对自己负责,也可以对他人共同负责,这保证了教育的真实性,并能为当代人和世界重燃希望。
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