Hubungan Antara Self Management Behaviour terhadap Pengendalian Tekanan Darah pada Pasien Hipertensi di Rumah Sakit Panti Rini

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a kind of chronic disease. In Indonesia, the prevalency of people with hypertension rises from 25.8% to 34.11% in 2018. It is estimated that in 2025 there will be 1.5 billion people with hypertension. Moreover, around 10.44 million people will die each year due to hypertension and its complications. Objective: To analyze the correlation between self management behavior and the control of blood pressure level in patient with hypertension. Method: This study used correlation analytic quantitative method with cross sectional descriptive approach. The number of samples used was 132 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection used the Hypertension Self Management Behavior Questionnaire (HSMBQ) and data analysis used the Spearman’s Rho test. Results: The results showed that there was a negative significant correlation between Self Management Behavior and Systolic Blood Pressure Control with correlation coefficient of -0.600 (p value 0.000). As for the results of the Spearman’s rho correlation test, it was found that there was a significant correlation between Self Management Behavior and Diastolic Blood Pressure Control with correlation coefficient of -0.452 (p value 0.000).  Conclusion: There is significant negative correlation between self management behavior and the control of blood pressure level in patient with hypertension systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The higher self management behaviour, the lower or more controlled the systolic and diastolic blood pressure values, and vice versa.ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Hipertensi merupakan salah satu jenis penyakit kronis. Di Indonesia, prevalensi penderita hipertensi meningkat dari 25,8% menjadi 34,11% pada tahun 2018. Diperkirakan pada tahun 2025 terdapat 1,5 miliar penderita hipertensi. Lebih jauh lagi, sekitar 10,44 juta orang akan meninggal setiap tahunnya akibat hipertensi dan komplikasinya. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara self management behaviour terhadap tingkat pengendalian tekanan darah pasien hipertensi. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif analitik korelasi menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif cross sectional. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan 132 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar kuesioner Hypertension Self Management Behavior Questionnaire (HSMBQ) dan lembar observasi tekanan darah. Adapun tekanan darah pasien diukur menggunakan alat tensimeter dengan analisis data menggunakan uji Spearman’s Rho. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai koefisien korelasi -0,600 dengan p value 0,000 antara self management behaviour dengan tingkat pengendalian tekanan darah sistolik. Adapun hasil uji korelasi  Self Management Behaviour dengan tingkat pengendalian tekanan darah diastolik diperoleh nilai koefisien korelasi -0,452 dengan p value 0,000.  Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan negatif dan signifikan antara self management behaviour dengan tingkat pengendalian tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik. Semakin tinggi self management behaviour, maka semakin rendah atau terkontrol nilai tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik, begitu pula sebaliknya.