HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EFFECT OF CHLORPYRIFOS PESTICIDE ON LIVER AND KIDNEY OF FRESH WATER FISH CATLA CATLA

Abstract

All the natural water bodies are continuously being contaminated with toxic chemicals from industrial, agricultural and domestic activities. Chlorpyrifos is one of the most widely used organophosphate pesticides. Excessive application of pesticides from agricultural fields contaminate aquatic medium, resulting in serious damage to non-target species, including fish. The fish as a bioindicator of aquatic medium plays an important role in the monitoring of water pollution. Histopathology is an important tool for evaluating the action of any toxicant at tissue level. The focus of the present study is to measure the histological changes in liver and kidney of the fresh water fish Catla catla exposed to sub lethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos 1/15th of the 96 hour LC50 values for the period of 10 and 20 days. The fish exposed to chlorpyrifos showed mild vacuolar hepatocytes, dilation of central vein, vaculor degenerative changes, mild hyperaemia and severe hyperaemia of central vein in the liver tissue slide. The changes observed in kidney slide due to the impact of chlorpyrifos toxicity are hemorrhage, degenerative changes in between tubules, constriction of primary tubule, vacuolardegenerative changes, necrosis in epithelial lining of proximal tubules, chlorpyrifos compound induced.