Critical review of the liquid media and methods used in the Hartala (orpiment) purifying process

P. Gandhi, Chatrgun Lagad, Rajesh Ingole
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Abstract

Introduction: Rasashastra is a pharmaceutical branch that converts metals and minerals into potent and safe medicine. These metals and minerals must undergo many procedures like Shodhana (purifying process) and Marana (the process of making Bhasma) before their administration as potent and safe medicine. Hartala (orpiment) is one such mineral that, after proper processing, becomes highly potent and useful in Sleshmaroga, Raktapitta (bleeding disorders), Vatarakta (gout), Kustha (skin disorders), etc. It also produces toxic effects when used without the Shodhana procedures mentioned in the Rasa classics. The classics quote different pretreatment procedures for Hartala that are scattered throughout the texts of Rasa Shastra. Aims and Objectives: Here, an attempt has been made to compile and critically review all such references about Hartala Shodhana in terms of method and media. Materials and Methods: The Shodhana processes of Hartala were compiled from 25 classical texts and sorted by method, media, and principle used in the method. Modern literature is reviewed to explore the effect of the method and role of media used in Hartala Shodhana. Results: Fifty-two methods of Hartala Shodhana are described in classics on Rasashastra that can be categorized into five basic methods like Swedana (fomentation), Bhavana (wet grinding), Prakshalana (washing), Nimanjana (immersion), and Puṭapāka (incineration). Twenty-seven multiple liquid media, which includes 24 liquid media, two solid drugs (borax and lime), and one fruit (Kushmanda), are used as media for Shodhana. Conclusion: This study may serve as a pathway or guideline for further research on Hartala.
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对哈塔拉(orpiment)提纯工艺中使用的液体介质和方法进行严格审查
简介Rasashastra 是一门将金属和矿物质转化为高效安全药物的制药学科。这些金属和矿物必须经过许多程序,如 Shodhana(净化过程)和 Marana(制作 Bhasma 的过程),才能作为有效和安全的药物使用。哈塔拉(orpiment)就是这样一种矿物质,在经过适当加工后,它变得非常有效,可用于治疗 Sleshmaroga、Raktapitta(出血性疾病)、Vatarakta(痛风)、Kustha(皮肤病)等。如果不按照拉萨经典中提到的 Shodhana 程序使用,它还会产生毒性作用。经典中引用了哈塔拉的不同预处理程序,这些程序散见于 Rasa Shastra 的各种文本中。目的和目标:在此,我们尝试从方法和媒介的角度对所有有关哈塔拉 Shodhana 的参考文献进行汇编和批判性评论。材料和方法:从 25 部经典文献中汇编了哈塔拉的 Shodhana 过程,并按照方法、媒介和方法中使用的原理进行了分类。还查阅了现代文献,以探讨哈塔拉舒达哈纳所用方法的效果和媒体的作用。结果:在 Rasashastra 的经典中描述了 52 种 Hartala Shodhana 方法,可分为五种基本方法,如 Swedana(熏蒸)、Bhavana(湿磨)、Prakshalana(清洗)、Nimanjana(浸泡)和 Puṭapāka(焚烧)。Shodhana 使用了 27 种多重液体介质,包括 24 种液体介质、两种固体药物(硼砂和石灰)和一种水果(Kushmanda)。结论本研究可作为进一步研究哈塔拉的途径或指南。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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