E Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán, Carlos A Encinas-Ullán, Juan S Ruiz-Pérez, Primitivo Gómez-Cardero
{"title":"Complications of ankle arthroscopy: frequency, prevention, and treatment.","authors":"E Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán, Carlos A Encinas-Ullán, Juan S Ruiz-Pérez, Primitivo Gómez-Cardero","doi":"10.1530/EOR-22-0144","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The complication rate of ankle arthroscopy (AA) ranges from 3.5% to 14%. To avoid such complications, it is essential to have a thorough understanding of the anatomy of the ankle, to perform the procedure very carefully and with appropriate instrumentation, and to use a non-invasive distraction technique. The most frequent complications are neurological (cutaneous nerve injuries), which are usually caused by direct injury during arthroscopic portals or by a distracting pin when using an invasive distraction technique. They usually resolve spontaneously within a few months. The iatrogenic formation of a pseudoaneurysm is a severe but extremely rare complication (an incidence of 0.008%). There are several treatments for pseudoaneurysms: external compression; direct thrombin injection, surgical intervention (resection of the damaged segment of the artery and reconstruction with a reversed long saphenous vein interposition graft), and endovascular embolisation. Other rare complications include wound infections (localised superficial infection), problems at the portal incisions (prolonged portal drainage, residual pain in the portal, portal scar dehiscence, cyst at the portal site), type I complex regional pain syndrome, instrument breakage, painful scars and nodules, and a number of other rarer complications. In conclusion, when performing AA, it is important to remember the potential complications and try to avoid them. When they do occur, it is essential to diagnose and treat them appropriately.</p>","PeriodicalId":48598,"journal":{"name":"Efort Open Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10823568/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Efort Open Reviews","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1530/EOR-22-0144","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ORTHOPEDICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The complication rate of ankle arthroscopy (AA) ranges from 3.5% to 14%. To avoid such complications, it is essential to have a thorough understanding of the anatomy of the ankle, to perform the procedure very carefully and with appropriate instrumentation, and to use a non-invasive distraction technique. The most frequent complications are neurological (cutaneous nerve injuries), which are usually caused by direct injury during arthroscopic portals or by a distracting pin when using an invasive distraction technique. They usually resolve spontaneously within a few months. The iatrogenic formation of a pseudoaneurysm is a severe but extremely rare complication (an incidence of 0.008%). There are several treatments for pseudoaneurysms: external compression; direct thrombin injection, surgical intervention (resection of the damaged segment of the artery and reconstruction with a reversed long saphenous vein interposition graft), and endovascular embolisation. Other rare complications include wound infections (localised superficial infection), problems at the portal incisions (prolonged portal drainage, residual pain in the portal, portal scar dehiscence, cyst at the portal site), type I complex regional pain syndrome, instrument breakage, painful scars and nodules, and a number of other rarer complications. In conclusion, when performing AA, it is important to remember the potential complications and try to avoid them. When they do occur, it is essential to diagnose and treat them appropriately.
期刊介绍:
EFORT Open Reviews publishes high-quality instructional review articles across the whole field of orthopaedics and traumatology. Commissioned, peer-reviewed articles from international experts summarize current knowledge and practice in orthopaedics, with the aim of providing systematic coverage of the field. All articles undergo rigorous scientific editing to ensure the highest standards of accuracy and clarity.
This continuously published online journal is fully open access and will provide integrated CME. It is an authoritative resource for educating trainees and supports practising orthopaedic surgeons in keeping informed about the latest clinical and scientific advances.
One print issue containing a selection of papers from the journal will be published each year to coincide with the EFORT Annual Congress.
EFORT Open Reviews is the official journal of the European Federation of National Associations of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (EFORT) and is published in partnership with The British Editorial Society of Bone & Joint Surgery.