Prevalence of microplastics and fate in wastewater treatment plants: a review

IF 15 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Environmental Chemistry Letters Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI:10.1007/s10311-023-01679-y
Shilpa Jose, Linson Lonappan, Hubert Cabana
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Abstract

Microplastics have multidimensional traits, as compared to other emerging contaminants, presenting a concern to terrestrial, aquatic life and humans through inhalation or ingestion. Hazardous chemicals adsorbed on microplastics could potentially be transferred to the environment or consumed by living organisms. We review the transformation of plastic waste in the environment, the origin and transportation of microplastics, the regulatory measures for plastic and microplastic pollution, and the fate of microplastics in wastewater treatment plants. Plastic debris is building up in the environment despite legislative attempts by many countries. Accumulated plastic waste from a range of sources breaks down into smaller fragments and microplastics through chemical, physiochemical and biodegradation mechanisms. This review also discusses personal protective equipment in relation to COVID-19 as a source of microplastics. Millions of microplastics are discharged into the environment through effluents and biosolids. Daily microplastic emissions to the environment from effluent range about 0.46 million to 140 billion. Previous studies had only explored the existence of microplastics in wastewater treatment plants, with limited visualization of how microplastics interact with the various treatment technologies used in wastewater treatment plants.

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废水处理厂中微塑料的盛行与归宿:综述
与其他新出现的污染物相比,微塑料具有多方面的特性,通过吸入或摄入会对陆生、水生生物和人类造成危害。吸附在微塑料上的有害化学物质有可能转移到环境中或被生物体消耗。我们回顾了塑料垃圾在环境中的转化、微塑料的来源和运输、针对塑料和微塑料污染的监管措施,以及微塑料在污水处理厂中的去向。尽管许多国家都在努力立法,但环境中的塑料垃圾仍在不断增加。各种来源的累积塑料垃圾会通过化学、物理化学和生物降解机制分解成更小的碎片和微塑料。本综述还讨论了与作为微塑料来源的 COVID-19 有关的个人防护装备。数百万微塑料通过污水和生物固体排放到环境中。每天从污水中排放到环境中的微塑料约为 46 万至 1400 亿个。以往的研究仅探讨了污水处理厂中是否存在微塑料,对微塑料如何与污水处理厂中使用的各种处理技术相互作用的直观了解有限。
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来源期刊
Environmental Chemistry Letters
Environmental Chemistry Letters 环境科学-工程:环境
CiteScore
32.00
自引率
7.00%
发文量
175
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Environmental Chemistry Letters explores the intersections of geology, chemistry, physics, and biology. Published articles are of paramount importance to the examination of both natural and engineered environments. The journal features original and review articles of exceptional significance, encompassing topics such as the characterization of natural and impacted environments, the behavior, prevention, treatment, and control of mineral, organic, and radioactive pollutants. It also delves into interfacial studies involving diverse media like soil, sediment, water, air, organisms, and food. Additionally, the journal covers green chemistry, environmentally friendly synthetic pathways, alternative fuels, ecotoxicology, risk assessment, environmental processes and modeling, environmental technologies, remediation and control, and environmental analytical chemistry using biomolecular tools and tracers.
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