Enterogenous extra-oral halitosis has a more severe impact on quality of life in females compared to males.

IF 3.7 4区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Journal of breath research Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI:10.1088/1752-7163/ad2003

Xiao Xian Qian

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Abstract

Some studies have examined the impact of intra-oral halitosis on quality of life (QOL), but the impact of enterogenous extra-oral halitosis (EOH) on QOL has not been previously studied. We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from 88 patients with enterogenous EOH who visited our online halitosis clinic. A specialized halitosis associated life-quality test (HALT) questionnaire was used to assess QOL of these patients. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between HALT score and age. We found that 21 (23.86%) patients were male and 67 (76.14%) patients were female. HALT scores in females were significantly higher than in males (57.6 ± 13.6vs.45.5 ± 11.9,P< 0.001). Additionally, 13 of the 20 items of the HALT questionnaire showed significant differences between the sexes. No correlation was identified between HALT score and age. Therefore, we conclude that: (1) enterogenous EOH has a more severe impact on QOL in females compared to males. (2) More females with EOH visit the offline halitosis clinic compared to males. (3) The QOL of patients with enterogenous EOH does not decline with age.

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与男性相比，肠源性口外口臭对女性生活质量的影响更为严重。

一些研究探讨了口内口臭对生活质量（QOL）的影响，但此前尚未研究过肠源性口外口臭（EOH）对生活质量的影响。我们对 88 名就诊于在线口臭门诊的肠源性口臭患者的数据进行了回顾性分析。我们使用专门的口臭相关生活质量测试（HALT）问卷来评估这些患者的 QOL。为了研究 HALT 分数与年龄之间的关系，我们进行了斯皮尔曼相关分析。我们发现，21 名（23.86%）患者为男性，67 名（76.14%）患者为女性。女性的 HALT 分数明显高于男性（57.6 ± 13.6 vs. 45.5 ± 11.9，P < 0.001）。此外，在 HALT 问卷的 20 个项目中，有 13 个项目在性别上有显著差异。HALT 分数与年龄之间没有相关性。因此，我们得出以下结论(1) 与男性相比，女性肠源性 EOH 对 QOL 的影响更为严重。(2）与男性相比，更多患有肠源性 EOH 的女性前往线下口臭诊所就诊。(3）肠源性 EOH 患者的 QOL 不会随年龄增长而下降。

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来源期刊

Journal of breath research BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS-RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

21.10%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Breath Research is dedicated to all aspects of scientific breath research. The traditional focus is on analysis of volatile compounds and aerosols in exhaled breath for the investigation of exogenous exposures, metabolism, toxicology, health status and the diagnosis of disease and breath odours. The journal also welcomes other breath-related topics. Typical areas of interest include: Big laboratory instrumentation: describing new state-of-the-art analytical instrumentation capable of performing high-resolution discovery and targeted breath research; exploiting complex technologies drawn from other areas of biochemistry and genetics for breath research. Engineering solutions: developing new breath sampling technologies for condensate and aerosols, for chemical and optical sensors, for extraction and sample preparation methods, for automation and standardization, and for multiplex analyses to preserve the breath matrix and facilitating analytical throughput. Measure exhaled constituents (e.g. CO2, acetone, isoprene) as markers of human presence or mitigate such contaminants in enclosed environments. Human and animal in vivo studies: decoding the ''breath exposome'', implementing exposure and intervention studies, performing cross-sectional and case-control research, assaying immune and inflammatory response, and testing mammalian host response to infections and exogenous exposures to develop information directly applicable to systems biology. Studying inhalation toxicology; inhaled breath as a source of internal dose; resultant blood, breath and urinary biomarkers linked to inhalation pathway. Cellular and molecular level in vitro studies. Clinical, pharmacological and forensic applications. Mathematical, statistical and graphical data interpretation.