{"title":"Errors in foreign language acquisition as a multifaceted phenomenon: the case of Russian aspect","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11185-023-09287-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>We study factors influencing aspectual errors in written texts of advanced learners of Russian with dominant English. Our study is based on the data from the Russian Learner Corpus, as well as a mini-corpus collected from a group of advanced Russian learners who are native speakers of English. Our findings suggest that the incidence, direction, and type of aspectual errors depend on the level of language mastery. On lower levels, there are more perfective-to-imperfective substitutions (*<em>Я наконец делала уроки</em> ‘I finally did.IPF my homework’ instead of <em>Я наконец сделала уроки</em> ‘I finally did.PF my homework’), possibly due to greater morphological simplicity of erroneous imperfective forms, as well as their earlier instruction and acquisition. However, on higher levels of language mastery, the number of imperfective-to-perfective substitutions increases (*<em>Я не хочу купить ему подарок</em> ‘I don’t want to buy.PF him a present’ instead of <em>Я не хочу покупать ему подарок</em> ‘I don’t want to buy.IPF him a present’). Perfective tends to replace imperfective, irrespectively of the morphological complexity, in cases when the required use of imperfective is driven by grammatical rules rather than the semantics of the form, e.g. in iterative or negative constructions. Possibly, it happens because learners are guided by the aspectual semantics (lexical aspect) and disregard the grammatical rules when they contradict it (morphological aspect). Additionally, it appears that both perfective-to-imperfective and imperfective-to-perfective substitutions are context-dependent. Both tend to happen less frequently in finite, factual past contexts, and more frequently in non-finite, non-factual contexts where aspectual oppositions are mitigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":43779,"journal":{"name":"RUSSIAN LINGUISTICS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"RUSSIAN LINGUISTICS","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11185-023-09287-8","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"0","JCRName":"LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
We study factors influencing aspectual errors in written texts of advanced learners of Russian with dominant English. Our study is based on the data from the Russian Learner Corpus, as well as a mini-corpus collected from a group of advanced Russian learners who are native speakers of English. Our findings suggest that the incidence, direction, and type of aspectual errors depend on the level of language mastery. On lower levels, there are more perfective-to-imperfective substitutions (*Я наконец делала уроки ‘I finally did.IPF my homework’ instead of Я наконец сделала уроки ‘I finally did.PF my homework’), possibly due to greater morphological simplicity of erroneous imperfective forms, as well as their earlier instruction and acquisition. However, on higher levels of language mastery, the number of imperfective-to-perfective substitutions increases (*Я не хочу купить ему подарок ‘I don’t want to buy.PF him a present’ instead of Я не хочу покупать ему подарок ‘I don’t want to buy.IPF him a present’). Perfective tends to replace imperfective, irrespectively of the morphological complexity, in cases when the required use of imperfective is driven by grammatical rules rather than the semantics of the form, e.g. in iterative or negative constructions. Possibly, it happens because learners are guided by the aspectual semantics (lexical aspect) and disregard the grammatical rules when they contradict it (morphological aspect). Additionally, it appears that both perfective-to-imperfective and imperfective-to-perfective substitutions are context-dependent. Both tend to happen less frequently in finite, factual past contexts, and more frequently in non-finite, non-factual contexts where aspectual oppositions are mitigated.
摘要 我们研究了影响以英语为母语的俄语高级学习者书面文章中方面性错误的因素。我们的研究基于俄语学习者语料库中的数据，以及从一群以英语为母语的俄语高级学习者那里收集的小型语料库。我们的研究结果表明，方面错误的发生率、方向和类型取决于语言掌握程度。在较低的语言掌握水平上，有更多的完成时到非完成时的替换（*Я наконец делала уроки 'I finally did.IPF my homework'，而不是 Я наконец сделала уроки 'I finally did.PF my homework'），这可能是由于错误的非完成时形式的形态更简单，以及它们的教学和习得更早。然而，语言掌握程度越高，半完成时对完成时的替换就越多（*Я не хочу купить ему подарок 'I don't want to buy.PF him a present'，而不是 Я не хочу покупать ему подарок 'I don't want to buy.IPF him a present'）。在语法规则而不是语义要求使用非完全动词的情况下，例如在迭代或否定结构中，完全动词往往取代非完全动词，而不考虑形态的复杂性。出现这种情况的原因可能是，学习者以方面语义（词汇方面）为指导，而在语法规则与方面语义（形态方面）相矛盾时，就会忽略语法规则。此外，完成时到不完成时的替换和不完成时到完成时的替换似乎都取决于语境。在有限、事实性的过去语境中，这两种情况发生的频率较低，而在非有限、非事实性的语境中，这种情况发生的频率较高，因为在这种语境中，方面的对立会得到缓解。
期刊介绍：
Russian Linguistics is a peer-reviewed journal devoted to the empirical and theoretical study of Russian and other Slavic languages in all their diversity. It is open to all areas of linguistics, welcoming empirical, theoretical and applied approaches as well as in-depth qualitative and larger-scale quantitative studies from both synchronic and diachronic perspectives.
Russian Linguistics publishes three types of articles: 1) original articles as full reports of data from own research, 2) reviews of recent research (not older than 2 years), 3) squibs as shorter contributions initiating discussions relevant within their field and to the specific question they address.
The journal invites submissions written in English or Russian. It is recommended to write in English in order to facilitate a wider outreach in the linguistic community.
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