An analysis of emerging food safety and fraud risks of novel insect proteins within complex supply chains

IF 6.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY NPJ Science of Food Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI:10.1038/s41538-023-00241-y
A. Traynor, D. Thorburn Burns, D. Wu, N. Karoonuthaisiri, A. Petchkongkaew, C. T. Elliott
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Abstract

Food consumption play a crucial role in human life, yet conventional food production and consumption patterns can be detrimental to the environment. Thus, research and development has been directed towards alternative proteins, with edible insects being promising sources. Edible insects have been recognised for their sustainable benefits providing protein, with less emission of greenhouse gas, land and water usage compared to sources, such as beef, chicken, and dairy products. Among the over 2000 known edible insect species, only four, namely yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor), migratory locust/grasshopper (Locusta migratoria), grain mould beetle, also known as lesser mealworm which is a larval form of Alphitobius diaperinus (from the family of Tenebrionidae of darkling beetles) and house cricket (Acheta domesticus), are currently authorised in specific products through specific producers in the EU. The expansion of such foods into Western diets face challenges such as consumer barriers, gaps in microbiological and chemical safety hazard data during production and processing, and the potential for fraudulent supply chain activity. The main aim of this study was to map the supply chain, through interviews with personnel along the supply chain, coupled with searches for relevant publications and governmental documents. Thus, the main potential points of food safety and fraud along the edible insect supply chain were identified. Feed substrate was identified as the main area of concern regarding microbiological and chemical food safety and novel processing techniques were forecast to be of most concern for future fraudulent activity. Despite the on-going authorisation of insect species in many countries there are substantial food safety and authenticity information gaps in this industry that need to be addressed before edible insects can be viewed as a safe and sustainable protein sources by Western consumers.

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分析复杂供应链中新型昆虫蛋白新出现的食品安全和欺诈风险
食品消费在人类生活中发挥着至关重要的作用,然而传统的食品生产和消费模式可能会对环境造成危害。因此,人们开始研究和开发替代蛋白质,其中食用昆虫是很有前景的来源。与牛肉、鸡肉和乳制品等来源相比,食用昆虫提供的蛋白质具有可持续的优势,而且温室气体排放量、土地和水的使用量都较少。在已知的 2000 多种可食用昆虫中,目前只有四种昆虫,即黄粉虫(Tenebrio molitor)、蝗虫/蚱蜢(Locusta migratoria)、谷霉甲虫(也称小黄粉虫,是暗色甲虫科 Alphitobius diaperinus 的幼虫形式)和家蟋蟀(Acheta domesticus),在欧盟通过特定生产商获得了特定产品的授权。将此类食品推广到西方饮食中面临着各种挑战,如消费者障碍、生产和加工过程中微生物和化学安全危害数据的缺口以及供应链欺诈活动的可能性。本研究的主要目的是通过对供应链上的人员进行访谈,并搜索相关出版物和政府文件,绘制供应链地图。因此,确定了食用昆虫供应链上食品安全和欺诈的主要潜在点。饲料基质被确定为微生物和化学食品安全的主要关注领域,而新型加工技术则被预测为未来欺诈活动的最大关注点。尽管许多国家正在对昆虫物种进行授权,但在食用昆虫被西方消费者视为安全和可持续的蛋白质来源之前,该行业在食品安全和真实性信息方面仍存在巨大差距,需要加以解决。
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来源期刊
NPJ Science of Food
NPJ Science of Food FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY-
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
1.60%
发文量
53
期刊介绍: npj Science of Food is an online-only and open access journal publishes high-quality, high-impact papers related to food safety, security, integrated production, processing and packaging, the changes and interactions of food components, and the influence on health and wellness properties of food. The journal will support fundamental studies that advance the science of food beyond the classic focus on processing, thereby addressing basic inquiries around food from the public and industry. It will also support research that might result in innovation of technologies and products that are public-friendly while promoting the United Nations sustainable development goals.
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