Pub Date : 2024-11-22DOI: 10.1038/s41538-024-00343-1
Xuhan Chen, Kemei Wang, Ting Qin, Yachao Bai, Qi Li, Aimin Guo, Bin Liao, Jun Zhang
The typical edible medicinal plants of Viola inconspicua were compared with leaf-green, biomass, metabolomes, and bacterial communities, after leaf-spraying water (A), brown sugar water (B), brown sugar, urea, and KH2PO4 water (C), or KH2PO4 and urea water (D). The plants sprayed with C solution presented relatively normal leaf-green and the highest biomass. In contrast of A group, B, C, and D groups were found with 72, 94, and 104 leaf differently accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and 105, 88, and 92 root DAMs, respectively. Typically, relative abundances of amino acids were elevated in C and D groups, while those of leaf flavonoids were increased in B group. Noticeably, leaf DAMs of C group versus A group had strong correlations with one to more phylum- or/and genus-dominant bacteria of C group. Taken together, leaf-spraying brown sugar, urea, and KH2PO4 water are ideal for holding leaf-green and biomass in V. inconspicua plants.
比较了典型的食用药用植物 Viola inconspicua 在喷洒水（A）、红糖水（B）、红糖、尿素和 KH2PO4 水（C）或 KH2PO4 和尿素水（D）后的叶绿素、生物量、代谢组和细菌群落。喷洒 C 溶液的植株叶绿相对正常，生物量最高。与 A 组相比，B、C 和 D 组的叶片不同积累代谢物（DAMs）分别为 72、94 和 104，根部不同积累代谢物（DAMs）分别为 105、88 和 92。通常，C 组和 D 组氨基酸的相对丰度升高，而 B 组叶片黄酮类化合物的相对丰度升高。值得注意的是，C 组与 A 组的叶片 DAMs 与 C 组的一种至多种门或/和属优势细菌有很强的相关性。综上所述，叶面喷洒红糖、尿素和 KH2PO4 水是保持不倒翁植株叶绿和生物量的理想方法。
{"title":"An ideal leaf spraying strategy of brown sugar for edible medicinal plants of Viola inconspicua","authors":"Xuhan Chen, Kemei Wang, Ting Qin, Yachao Bai, Qi Li, Aimin Guo, Bin Liao, Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41538-024-00343-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41538-024-00343-1","url":null,"abstract":"The typical edible medicinal plants of Viola inconspicua were compared with leaf-green, biomass, metabolomes, and bacterial communities, after leaf-spraying water (A), brown sugar water (B), brown sugar, urea, and KH2PO4 water (C), or KH2PO4 and urea water (D). The plants sprayed with C solution presented relatively normal leaf-green and the highest biomass. In contrast of A group, B, C, and D groups were found with 72, 94, and 104 leaf differently accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and 105, 88, and 92 root DAMs, respectively. Typically, relative abundances of amino acids were elevated in C and D groups, while those of leaf flavonoids were increased in B group. Noticeably, leaf DAMs of C group versus A group had strong correlations with one to more phylum- or/and genus-dominant bacteria of C group. Taken together, leaf-spraying brown sugar, urea, and KH2PO4 water are ideal for holding leaf-green and biomass in V. inconspicua plants.","PeriodicalId":19367,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Science of Food","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41538-024-00343-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Garlic polysaccharide (GP) is an inulin-type fructan with potent antioxidant activity, whereas its health-promoting functions are not well explored. In the current study, we established a fatigue model by forcing mice to swim in a water tank for at least one hour every day. We measured changes in body weight, exhaustive swimming time, and biochemical indices related to fatigue in weight-bearing swimming mice fed low (1.25 g/kg-BW) and high doses (2.5 g/kg-BW) of GP by daily gavage for 7 weeks. The soluble GP was extracted from industrial garlic wastes using a patented method. The results indicate that GP improved symptoms by increasing the duration of exhaustive swimming, restoring blood biochemical markers (BUN and BLA), and increasing liver and muscle glycogen reserves in fatigued mice. GP also increased antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT) and restored ATPase activity by activating the AMPK/PGC-1α pathway. Additionally, GP modified the gut microbiota by increasing potentially beneficial bacteria and decreasing harmful bacteria. The increase in Bacteroidota and the decrease in Firmicutes phyla regulate the metabolism of short-chain fatty acids in the gut. In conclusion, GP may be effective in alleviating exercise-induced fatigue through multiple mechanisms and can be developed into health anti-fatigue supplements.
大蒜多糖（GP）是一种菊粉型果聚糖，具有强大的抗氧化活性，但其促进健康的功能尚未得到很好的探索。在本研究中，我们建立了一个疲劳模型，强迫小鼠每天在水箱中游泳至少一小时。我们测量了每天灌胃低剂量（1.25 克/千克-体重）和高剂量（2.5 克/千克-体重）GP，持续 7 周的负重游泳小鼠的体重变化、耗尽游泳时间以及与疲劳相关的生化指标。可溶性 GP 采用专利方法从工业大蒜废料中提取。研究结果表明，GP 可通过延长疲劳小鼠的疲劳游泳时间、恢复血液生化指标（BUN 和 BLA）以及增加肝脏和肌肉糖原储备来改善症状。GP 还能提高抗氧化酶的活性（SOD、GSH-Px 和 CAT），并通过激活 AMPK/PGC-1α 通路恢复 ATP 酶的活性。此外，GP 还通过增加潜在有益菌和减少有害菌来改变肠道微生物群。类杆菌的增加和固氮菌的减少调节了肠道中短链脂肪酸的代谢。总之，GP 可通过多种机制有效缓解运动引起的疲劳，并可开发成抗疲劳保健品。
{"title":"A soluble garlic polysaccharide supplement alleviates fatigue in mice","authors":"Tianyi Li, Chanyuan Xie, Zhenyang Tian, Ran Chai, Yuan Ren, Jiaxin Miao, Wentao Xu, Shimin Chang, Changhui Zhao","doi":"10.1038/s41538-024-00340-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41538-024-00340-4","url":null,"abstract":"Garlic polysaccharide (GP) is an inulin-type fructan with potent antioxidant activity, whereas its health-promoting functions are not well explored. In the current study, we established a fatigue model by forcing mice to swim in a water tank for at least one hour every day. We measured changes in body weight, exhaustive swimming time, and biochemical indices related to fatigue in weight-bearing swimming mice fed low (1.25 g/kg-BW) and high doses (2.5 g/kg-BW) of GP by daily gavage for 7 weeks. The soluble GP was extracted from industrial garlic wastes using a patented method. The results indicate that GP improved symptoms by increasing the duration of exhaustive swimming, restoring blood biochemical markers (BUN and BLA), and increasing liver and muscle glycogen reserves in fatigued mice. GP also increased antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT) and restored ATPase activity by activating the AMPK/PGC-1α pathway. Additionally, GP modified the gut microbiota by increasing potentially beneficial bacteria and decreasing harmful bacteria. The increase in Bacteroidota and the decrease in Firmicutes phyla regulate the metabolism of short-chain fatty acids in the gut. In conclusion, GP may be effective in alleviating exercise-induced fatigue through multiple mechanisms and can be developed into health anti-fatigue supplements.","PeriodicalId":19367,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Science of Food","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41538-024-00340-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-19DOI: 10.1038/s41538-024-00339-x
Zhang Hongyan, Pan Yue, Ying Jiang, Mengling Chen, Ma Xin, Xueping Yu, Dayong Ren, Bin Jiang
Akermansia muciniphila shows promise as a next-generation probiotic, however, its beneficial regulatory effects on mice ulcerative colitis (UC) has not been extensively investigated. We used an Akkermansia muciniphila strain (AKK ONE) isolated from healthy human feces to study its effect on DSS-induced colitis in mice. Our results demonstrate that AKK ONE supplementation significantly improves food intake, weight, colon length, disease activity index (DAI) score, organ index, and tissue damage of colitis mice. AKK ONE notably improved intestinal barrier integrity by significantly enhancing expression of occludin and claudin-1. Additionally, AKK ONE reduced inflammation by down-regulating IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and up-regulating IL-10. In addition to reducing excessive inflammation, AKK ONE also increased the abundance of Akkermansia and decreased the abundance of Bacteroides. Furthermore, the AKK ONE intervention markedly increased SCFAs in cecal contents. AKK ONE may be a potential therapeutic agent for improving UC, based on the findings of this study.
Akermansia muciniphila有望成为下一代益生菌，但其对小鼠溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的有益调节作用尚未得到广泛研究。我们使用从健康人粪便中分离出的 Akkermansia muciniphila 菌株（AKK ONE）来研究其对 DSS 诱导的小鼠结肠炎的影响。结果表明，补充 AKK ONE 能明显改善结肠炎小鼠的摄食量、体重、结肠长度、疾病活动指数（DAI）评分、器官指数和组织损伤。AKK ONE能显著提高闭塞素和Claudin-1的表达，从而改善肠道屏障的完整性。此外，AKK ONE 还通过下调 IL-1β、IL-6 和 TNF-α 以及上调 IL-10 来减少炎症。除了减少过度炎症，AKK ONE 还增加了 Akkermansia 的数量，减少了 Bacteroides 的数量。此外，AKK ONE干预还显著增加了盲肠内容物中的SCFAs。根据这项研究的结果，AKK ONE可能是一种改善UC的潜在治疗药物。
{"title":"Akkermansia muciniphila ONE effectively ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in mice","authors":"Zhang Hongyan, Pan Yue, Ying Jiang, Mengling Chen, Ma Xin, Xueping Yu, Dayong Ren, Bin Jiang","doi":"10.1038/s41538-024-00339-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41538-024-00339-x","url":null,"abstract":"Akermansia muciniphila shows promise as a next-generation probiotic, however, its beneficial regulatory effects on mice ulcerative colitis (UC) has not been extensively investigated. We used an Akkermansia muciniphila strain (AKK ONE) isolated from healthy human feces to study its effect on DSS-induced colitis in mice. Our results demonstrate that AKK ONE supplementation significantly improves food intake, weight, colon length, disease activity index (DAI) score, organ index, and tissue damage of colitis mice. AKK ONE notably improved intestinal barrier integrity by significantly enhancing expression of occludin and claudin-1. Additionally, AKK ONE reduced inflammation by down-regulating IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and up-regulating IL-10. In addition to reducing excessive inflammation, AKK ONE also increased the abundance of Akkermansia and decreased the abundance of Bacteroides. Furthermore, the AKK ONE intervention markedly increased SCFAs in cecal contents. AKK ONE may be a potential therapeutic agent for improving UC, based on the findings of this study.","PeriodicalId":19367,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Science of Food","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41538-024-00339-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-19DOI: 10.1038/s41538-024-00337-z
Wesam Dawam, Shimaa Edris, Ali Osman, Mai Elsheikh, Ahmed Hamad, Mahmoud Sitohy, Islam Sabeq
The current study assessed the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Cowpea-legumin (CPL) against antibiotic-resistant foodborne pathogens (FBP), the consequences on Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) quality and shelf-life, and the growth curves of inoculated FBPs. Fresh LTL-steaks were enriched with either 0.5 mg/g (CPL0.5) or 1 mg/g (CPL1) and evaluated over 15 chilling-days at 4 °C. Antibiotic-resistant Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli were inhibited by 25 and 3.125 mg/mL, respectively, while antibiotic-susceptible FBPs and antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were suppressed by 0.1 mg/mL CPL. CPL1-fortification produced fully tender LTL that was initially yellower/less red than the control, then turned brighter red with storage. CPL demonstrated promising dose-dependent antioxidant, and antibacterial activities against native spoilage and antibiotic-resistant/susceptible FBPs. CPL’s proteinaceous composition, besides sample size, might impact stability. Conclusively, CPL demonstrated promising preservative stability in fresh meat for a maximum of fifteen-days and represents a viable antimicrobial alternative in battle against antibiotic-resistance.
{"title":"Cowpea legumin preservative impacts on beef ribeye and implications on antibiotic resistant food borne pathogens","authors":"Wesam Dawam, Shimaa Edris, Ali Osman, Mai Elsheikh, Ahmed Hamad, Mahmoud Sitohy, Islam Sabeq","doi":"10.1038/s41538-024-00337-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41538-024-00337-z","url":null,"abstract":"The current study assessed the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Cowpea-legumin (CPL) against antibiotic-resistant foodborne pathogens (FBP), the consequences on Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) quality and shelf-life, and the growth curves of inoculated FBPs. Fresh LTL-steaks were enriched with either 0.5 mg/g (CPL0.5) or 1 mg/g (CPL1) and evaluated over 15 chilling-days at 4 °C. Antibiotic-resistant Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli were inhibited by 25 and 3.125 mg/mL, respectively, while antibiotic-susceptible FBPs and antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were suppressed by 0.1 mg/mL CPL. CPL1-fortification produced fully tender LTL that was initially yellower/less red than the control, then turned brighter red with storage. CPL demonstrated promising dose-dependent antioxidant, and antibacterial activities against native spoilage and antibiotic-resistant/susceptible FBPs. CPL’s proteinaceous composition, besides sample size, might impact stability. Conclusively, CPL demonstrated promising preservative stability in fresh meat for a maximum of fifteen-days and represents a viable antimicrobial alternative in battle against antibiotic-resistance.","PeriodicalId":19367,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Science of Food","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41538-024-00337-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-16DOI: 10.1038/s41538-024-00338-y
Juan F. Sandoval, Joe Gallagher, Julia Rodriguez-Garcia, Kerry Whiteside, David N. Bryant
Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is a sustainable method to convert food waste and plant biomass into novel foods for human consumption. Surplus bread crusts (BC) have the structural capacity to serve as an SSF scaffold, and their nutritional value could be increased in combination with perennial ryegrass (PRG), a biorefining feedstock with high-quality protein but an unpleasant sensory profile. SSF with Rhizopus oligosporus was investigated with these substrates to determine if the overall nutritional value could be increased. The BC-PRG SSFs were conducted for up to 72 h, over which time the starch content had decreased by up to 89.6%, the total amino acid (AA) content increased by up to 141.9%, and the essential amino acid (EAA) content increased by up to 54.5%. The BC-PRG SSF demonstrated that this process could potentially valorise BC and PRG, both widely available but underexplored substrates, for the production of alternative proteins.
{"title":"Improved nutritional value of surplus bread and perennial ryegrass via solid-state fermentation with Rhizopus oligosporus","authors":"Juan F. Sandoval, Joe Gallagher, Julia Rodriguez-Garcia, Kerry Whiteside, David N. Bryant","doi":"10.1038/s41538-024-00338-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41538-024-00338-y","url":null,"abstract":"Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is a sustainable method to convert food waste and plant biomass into novel foods for human consumption. Surplus bread crusts (BC) have the structural capacity to serve as an SSF scaffold, and their nutritional value could be increased in combination with perennial ryegrass (PRG), a biorefining feedstock with high-quality protein but an unpleasant sensory profile. SSF with Rhizopus oligosporus was investigated with these substrates to determine if the overall nutritional value could be increased. The BC-PRG SSFs were conducted for up to 72 h, over which time the starch content had decreased by up to 89.6%, the total amino acid (AA) content increased by up to 141.9%, and the essential amino acid (EAA) content increased by up to 54.5%. The BC-PRG SSF demonstrated that this process could potentially valorise BC and PRG, both widely available but underexplored substrates, for the production of alternative proteins.","PeriodicalId":19367,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Science of Food","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41538-024-00338-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1038/s41538-024-00330-6
Skyler R. St. Pierre, Ethan C. Darwin, Divya Adil, Magaly C. Aviles, Archer Date, Reese A. Dunne, Yanav Lall, María Parra Vallecillo, Valerie A. Perez Medina, Kevin Linka, Marc E. Levenston, Ellen Kuhl
Eating less meat is associated with a healthier body and planet. Yet, we remain reluctant to switch to a plant-based diet, largely due to the sensory experience of plant-based meat. Food scientists characterize meat using a double compression test, which only probes one-dimensional behavior. Here we use tension, compression, and shear tests–combined with constitutive neural networks–to automatically discover the behavior of eight plant-based and animal meats across the entire three-dimensional spectrum. We find that plant-based sausage and hotdog, with stiffnesses of 95.9 ± 14.1 kPa and 38.7 ± 3.0 kPa, successfully mimic their animal counterparts, with 63.5 ± 45.7 kPa and 44.3 ± 13.2 kPa, while tofurky is twice as stiff, and tofu is twice as soft. Strikingly, a complementary food tasting survey produces in nearly identical stiffness rankings for all eight products (ρ = 0.833, p = 0.015). Probing the fully three-dimensional signature of meats is critical to understand subtle differences in texture that may result in a different perception of taste. Our data and code are freely available at https://github.com/LivingMatterLab/CANN
{"title":"The mechanical and sensory signature of plant-based and animal meat","authors":"Skyler R. St. Pierre, Ethan C. Darwin, Divya Adil, Magaly C. Aviles, Archer Date, Reese A. Dunne, Yanav Lall, María Parra Vallecillo, Valerie A. Perez Medina, Kevin Linka, Marc E. Levenston, Ellen Kuhl","doi":"10.1038/s41538-024-00330-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41538-024-00330-6","url":null,"abstract":"Eating less meat is associated with a healthier body and planet. Yet, we remain reluctant to switch to a plant-based diet, largely due to the sensory experience of plant-based meat. Food scientists characterize meat using a double compression test, which only probes one-dimensional behavior. Here we use tension, compression, and shear tests–combined with constitutive neural networks–to automatically discover the behavior of eight plant-based and animal meats across the entire three-dimensional spectrum. We find that plant-based sausage and hotdog, with stiffnesses of 95.9 ± 14.1 kPa and 38.7 ± 3.0 kPa, successfully mimic their animal counterparts, with 63.5 ± 45.7 kPa and 44.3 ± 13.2 kPa, while tofurky is twice as stiff, and tofu is twice as soft. Strikingly, a complementary food tasting survey produces in nearly identical stiffness rankings for all eight products (ρ = 0.833, p = 0.015). Probing the fully three-dimensional signature of meats is critical to understand subtle differences in texture that may result in a different perception of taste. Our data and code are freely available at https://github.com/LivingMatterLab/CANN","PeriodicalId":19367,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Science of Food","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11568319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liver fibrosis (LF) is a common sequela to diverse chronic liver injuries, leading to rising rates of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). As the medicinal and edible homologous material, traditional teas have exhibited promising applications in the clinical management of liver fibrosis. Here, we generated a liver fibrosis mouse model to explore the potent therapeutic ability of Ampelopsis grossedentata (AG) tea on this condition by multi-omics analysis. The biochemistry results pointed towards mitigated increases of ALT, AST, TBIL, and ALP triggered by BDL in the AG-treated group. Examination using H&E and Sirius Red staining revealed severe liver injuries, inflammation infiltration, amplified fibrosed regions, and the creation of bile ducts, all of which were fallout from BDL. Immunohistochemistry findings also implicated a noteworthy upregulation of the HSC activation marker α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and the fibrosis marker collagen I in the BDL group. However, these symptoms demonstrated a significant improvement in the group treated with 100 mg/kg AG. Findings from the Western Blot test corroborated the prominent elevation of TNF-α, col1a1, α-SMA, and TGF-β, instigated by BDL, while AG treatment meaningfully modulated these proteins. Furthermore, our study underscored the potential involvement of several microbiota, such as Ruminococcaceae UCG-014, Eubacterium Ruminantium, Ruminococcus 1, Christensenellaceae R-7, Acetatifactor, Dubosiella, Parasutterella, Faecalibaculum, and Defluviitaleaceae UCG-011, in the progression of liver fibrosis and the therapeutic efficacy of AG. This investigation shows that during the process of AG ameliorating BDL-induced liver fibrosis, bile acid derivatives such as CDCA, TCDCA, 3-DHC, UCA, DCA, among others, play significant roles. In this study, we identified that several non-bile acid metabolites, such as Deltarasin, Thr-Ile-Arg, etc., are entailed in the process of AG improving liver fibrosis.
肝纤维化（LF）是各种慢性肝损伤的常见后遗症，导致肝硬化和肝细胞癌（HCC）发病率上升。传统茶叶作为药食同源的材料，在肝纤维化的临床治疗中具有广阔的应用前景。在此，我们建立了一个肝纤维化小鼠模型，通过多组学分析来探索毛蕊花茶（AG）对肝纤维化的有效治疗能力。生化结果表明，AG治疗组的BDL引发的ALT、AST、TBIL和ALP升高有所缓解。使用 H&E 和天狼星红染色法进行的检查显示，肝脏损伤严重、炎症浸润、纤维化区域扩大、胆管形成，所有这些都是 BDL 的后果。免疫组化结果还显示，在 BDL 组中，造血干细胞活化标志物α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）和纤维化标志物胶原 I 显著上调。然而，这些症状在接受 100 mg/kg AG 治疗的组别中得到了明显改善。Western Blot 检测结果证实，BDL 会导致 TNF-α、col1a1、α-SMA 和 TGF-β 的显著升高，而 AG 治疗可有效调节这些蛋白。此外，我们的研究还强调了几种微生物群（如反刍球菌科 UCG-014、反刍大肠杆菌、反刍球菌 1、Christensenellaceae R-7、Acetatifactor、Dubosiella、Parasutterella、Faecalibaculum 和 Defluviitaleaceae UCG-011）可能参与了肝纤维化的进展和 AG 的疗效。这项研究表明，在 AG 改善 BDL 诱导的肝纤维化的过程中，胆汁酸衍生物如 CDCA、TCDCA、3-DHC、UCA、DCA 等发挥了重要作用。在本研究中，我们发现了一些非胆汁酸代谢产物，如Deltarasin、Thr-Ile-Arg等，也参与了AG改善肝纤维化的过程。
{"title":"Ampelopsis grossedentata tea alleviating liver fibrosis in BDL-induced mice via gut microbiota and metabolite modulation","authors":"Yi-Yuan Xi, Chen Chen, Ju-Jia Zheng, Bing Jiang, Xin-Ya Dong, Shu-Ying Lou, Jin-Guo Luo, Xiu-Hua Zhang, Zi-Ye Zhou, Qu-Jing Luo, Wei Wang, Xu-Dong Zhou","doi":"10.1038/s41538-024-00334-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41538-024-00334-2","url":null,"abstract":"Liver fibrosis (LF) is a common sequela to diverse chronic liver injuries, leading to rising rates of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). As the medicinal and edible homologous material, traditional teas have exhibited promising applications in the clinical management of liver fibrosis. Here, we generated a liver fibrosis mouse model to explore the potent therapeutic ability of Ampelopsis grossedentata (AG) tea on this condition by multi-omics analysis. The biochemistry results pointed towards mitigated increases of ALT, AST, TBIL, and ALP triggered by BDL in the AG-treated group. Examination using H&E and Sirius Red staining revealed severe liver injuries, inflammation infiltration, amplified fibrosed regions, and the creation of bile ducts, all of which were fallout from BDL. Immunohistochemistry findings also implicated a noteworthy upregulation of the HSC activation marker α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and the fibrosis marker collagen I in the BDL group. However, these symptoms demonstrated a significant improvement in the group treated with 100 mg/kg AG. Findings from the Western Blot test corroborated the prominent elevation of TNF-α, col1a1, α-SMA, and TGF-β, instigated by BDL, while AG treatment meaningfully modulated these proteins. Furthermore, our study underscored the potential involvement of several microbiota, such as Ruminococcaceae UCG-014, Eubacterium Ruminantium, Ruminococcus 1, Christensenellaceae R-7, Acetatifactor, Dubosiella, Parasutterella, Faecalibaculum, and Defluviitaleaceae UCG-011, in the progression of liver fibrosis and the therapeutic efficacy of AG. This investigation shows that during the process of AG ameliorating BDL-induced liver fibrosis, bile acid derivatives such as CDCA, TCDCA, 3-DHC, UCA, DCA, among others, play significant roles. In this study, we identified that several non-bile acid metabolites, such as Deltarasin, Thr-Ile-Arg, etc., are entailed in the process of AG improving liver fibrosis.","PeriodicalId":19367,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Science of Food","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11561287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-09DOI: 10.1038/s41538-024-00336-0
Hu Wenkang, Liu Jingui, Ding Xuelu, Ren Yanjie, Liu Mingzhu, Shi Tingting, Tan Fuyao, Zeng Xuefeng
Saccharomyces cerevisiae L7 was found to be an excellent starter and biological deacidification strain for Suanyu, however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the acid inhibition mechanism of S. cerevisiae L7. The strain enhances the sensory and flavor characteristics of Suanyu. The growth of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is inhibited due to competition for carbon sources, resulting in a decrease in cell count from 9.00 Lg CFU/mL at 48 h to 7.70 Lg CFU/mL in co-culture. The addition of yeast reduces acidity, decreasing it from 5.83 g/kg to 0.82 g/kg at 48 h, while increasing sugar utilization to 94.52%. We found that cell contact was the main method of inhibition between the two microbials. Transcriptome analysis revealed that multiple pathways were affected under co-culture, ultimately leading to a decrease in lactic acid production. These findings provide valuable insights into the microbial interactions involved in biological deacidification.
{"title":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains L7 contribute to flavor and deacidification in Suanyu, a Chinese traditional fermented fish","authors":"Hu Wenkang, Liu Jingui, Ding Xuelu, Ren Yanjie, Liu Mingzhu, Shi Tingting, Tan Fuyao, Zeng Xuefeng","doi":"10.1038/s41538-024-00336-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41538-024-00336-0","url":null,"abstract":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae L7 was found to be an excellent starter and biological deacidification strain for Suanyu, however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the acid inhibition mechanism of S. cerevisiae L7. The strain enhances the sensory and flavor characteristics of Suanyu. The growth of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is inhibited due to competition for carbon sources, resulting in a decrease in cell count from 9.00 Lg CFU/mL at 48 h to 7.70 Lg CFU/mL in co-culture. The addition of yeast reduces acidity, decreasing it from 5.83 g/kg to 0.82 g/kg at 48 h, while increasing sugar utilization to 94.52%. We found that cell contact was the main method of inhibition between the two microbials. Transcriptome analysis revealed that multiple pathways were affected under co-culture, ultimately leading to a decrease in lactic acid production. These findings provide valuable insights into the microbial interactions involved in biological deacidification.","PeriodicalId":19367,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Science of Food","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41538-024-00336-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142599019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-08DOI: 10.1038/s41538-024-00329-z
Camila Farías, Camila Cisternas, Angie Caicedo, Lorena Mercado, Rodrigo Valenzuela, Héctor Calderón, Alejandra Espinosa, L. A. Videla, Loreto A. Muñoz
The incidence of insulin resistance (IR) and hepatic steatosis is increasing, with dietary fiber playing a protective role against these disorders. Ocimum basilicum L., widely used in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries, but their health-promoting properties remain underexplored. This study evaluated the effects of a fiber-rich fraction of partially defatted basil seeds (BSF) on IR, hepatic steatosis, and polyunsaturated fatty acid and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6 J male mice. Mice were assigned to four groups and fed either a control diet or HFD, supplemented with BSF or oat flour for 4 weeks. HFD induced IR, hepatic steatosis, proinflammatory state, and a significant decreased in SCFA production. In contrast, supplementation with BSF attenuated IR, steatosis, liver damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation, while increasing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in liver, adipocytes, and erythrocytes, and enhancing SCFA production, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits in managing these conditions.
{"title":"High-fiber basil seed flour reduces insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet mice","authors":"Camila Farías, Camila Cisternas, Angie Caicedo, Lorena Mercado, Rodrigo Valenzuela, Héctor Calderón, Alejandra Espinosa, L. A. Videla, Loreto A. Muñoz","doi":"10.1038/s41538-024-00329-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41538-024-00329-z","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of insulin resistance (IR) and hepatic steatosis is increasing, with dietary fiber playing a protective role against these disorders. Ocimum basilicum L., widely used in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries, but their health-promoting properties remain underexplored. This study evaluated the effects of a fiber-rich fraction of partially defatted basil seeds (BSF) on IR, hepatic steatosis, and polyunsaturated fatty acid and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6 J male mice. Mice were assigned to four groups and fed either a control diet or HFD, supplemented with BSF or oat flour for 4 weeks. HFD induced IR, hepatic steatosis, proinflammatory state, and a significant decreased in SCFA production. In contrast, supplementation with BSF attenuated IR, steatosis, liver damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation, while increasing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in liver, adipocytes, and erythrocytes, and enhancing SCFA production, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits in managing these conditions.","PeriodicalId":19367,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Science of Food","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41538-024-00329-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142596121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A rapid and real-time method was established based on the combination of rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) and two-dimensional liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (2DLC-MS) for identification of wild Astragali Radix (WAR) and cultivated AR (CAR). The samples were analyzed under ambient ionization without time-consuming sample preparation. The phenotypic data of WAR and CAR were used to develop a real-time recognition model. Subsequently, the compounds in these two species were comprehensively characterized based on 2DLC-MS, and 45 different compounds were screened out by multivariate statistical analysis. A semi-quantitative method for 45 different compounds was established based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTRAP-MS). The results showed that the relative content of most compounds in WAR was higher than in CAR. In summary, the method has demonstrated remarkable performance in distinguishing between WAR and CAR, providing a reference in the field of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) analysis and identification.
建立了一种基于快速蒸发离子化质谱（REIMS）和二维液相色谱质谱（2DLC-MS）相结合的快速、实时方法，用于鉴定野生黄芪（WAR）和栽培黄芪（CAR）。样品在环境离子化条件下进行分析，无需进行耗时的样品制备。WAR 和 CAR 的表型数据被用于建立实时识别模型。随后，基于 2DLC-MS 对这两个物种中的化合物进行了全面表征，并通过多元统计分析筛选出 45 种不同的化合物。建立了基于超高效液相色谱/四极杆线性离子阱质谱（UHPLC-QTRAP-MS）的 45 种不同化合物的半定量方法。结果表明，大多数化合物在 WAR 中的相对含量高于 CAR。综上所述，该方法在中药 "枳实 "和 "枳壳 "的鉴别中表现出了优异的性能，为中药分析鉴定领域提供了参考。
{"title":"Identification strategy of wild and cultivated Astragali Radix based on REIMS combined with two-dimensional LC-MS","authors":"Sijian Chen, Xiaoshuang Li, Danshu Shi, Yisheng Xu, Yingyuan Lu, Pengfei Tu","doi":"10.1038/s41538-024-00333-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41538-024-00333-3","url":null,"abstract":"A rapid and real-time method was established based on the combination of rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) and two-dimensional liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (2DLC-MS) for identification of wild Astragali Radix (WAR) and cultivated AR (CAR). The samples were analyzed under ambient ionization without time-consuming sample preparation. The phenotypic data of WAR and CAR were used to develop a real-time recognition model. Subsequently, the compounds in these two species were comprehensively characterized based on 2DLC-MS, and 45 different compounds were screened out by multivariate statistical analysis. A semi-quantitative method for 45 different compounds was established based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTRAP-MS). The results showed that the relative content of most compounds in WAR was higher than in CAR. In summary, the method has demonstrated remarkable performance in distinguishing between WAR and CAR, providing a reference in the field of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) analysis and identification.","PeriodicalId":19367,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Science of Food","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41538-024-00333-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142596118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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