Assessment of the human footprint in Antarctica: A case study Larsemann Hills

IF 1.5 4区地球科学 Q3 ECOLOGY Polar Science Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI:10.1016/j.polar.2024.101048

Sergey Kakareka, Sviatlana Salivonchyk

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Abstract

The article is devoted to assessment of the anthropogenic influence in the Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica. The emission of the main pollutants and greenhouse gases from diesel generators used at Antarctic stations are estimated for the period since the beginning of the development of the oasis area (from 1986 to 2019). It is shown that SO₂ emissions decreased in 2019 compared to peak values in 1990 by 5.6 times, which was due to a significant decrease of the sulfur content in fuel. Emissions of other pollutants mostly increased. Surface air pollution by SO₂, NO₂, CO, PM₁₀ and black carbon (BC) using the AERMOD dispersion model are characterized. It is revealed that the most significant emission health impact is due to increase of surface concentrations of nitrogen dioxide. Deposition fluxes of PM₁₀ and BC are estimated. The fluxes of PM₁₀ and BC dry deposition in the territory of Larsemann Hills can reach maximum values of 27.5 and 21.7 mg/m²/year, respectively; can be traced in certain directions at a distance of up to 2.0 km or more. Modeling of BC deposition due to the dispersion of emission allowed to make draft estimates of soot concentration in the snow of the area and resulting radiative forcing climatic effects.

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评估南极洲的人类足迹：拉瑟曼山案例研究

文章致力于评估人为因素对南极洲东部拉尔斯曼丘陵的影响。文章估算了自绿洲地区开始开发以来（1986 年至 2019 年）南极站使用的柴油发电机所排放的主要污染物和温室气体。结果表明，与 1990 年的峰值相比，2019 年的二氧化硫排放量减少了 5.6 倍，这是由于燃料中的硫含量显著降低。其他污染物的排放量大多有所增加。利用 AERMOD 扩散模型对二氧化硫、二氧化氮、一氧化碳、可吸入颗粒物（PM10）和黑碳（BC）造成的地表空气污染进行了描述。结果表明，排放对健康影响最大的是二氧化氮地表浓度的增加。对 PM10 和 BC 的沉积通量进行了估算。拉尔斯曼山地区的 PM10 和 BC 干沉积通量的最大值分别为 27.5 和 21.7 毫克/平方米/年；可在某些方向上追踪到 2.0 千米或更远的距离。通过对排放扩散导致的 BC 沉积进行建模，可以对该地区雪地中的烟尘浓度以及由此产生的辐射强迫气候效应进行草拟估算。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Polar Science ECOLOGY-GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

5.60%

发文量

期刊介绍： Polar Science is an international, peer-reviewed quarterly journal. It is dedicated to publishing original research articles for sciences relating to the polar regions of the Earth and other planets. Polar Science aims to cover 15 disciplines which are listed below; they cover most aspects of physical sciences, geosciences and life sciences, together with engineering and social sciences. Articles should attract the interest of broad polar science communities, and not be limited to the interests of those who work under specific research subjects. Polar Science also has an Open Archive whereby published articles are made freely available from ScienceDirect after an embargo period of 24 months from the date of publication. - Space and upper atmosphere physics - Atmospheric science/climatology - Glaciology - Oceanography/sea ice studies - Geology/petrology - Solid earth geophysics/seismology - Marine Earth science - Geomorphology/Cenozoic-Quaternary geology - Meteoritics - Terrestrial biology - Marine biology - Animal ecology - Environment - Polar Engineering - Humanities and social sciences.