Developmental, sensory and behavioral outcomes among infants and toddlers with prenatal alcohol exposure

IF 2.9 2区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Research in Developmental Disabilities Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI:10.1016/j.ridd.2024.104671

Misty Pruner , Tracy Jirikowic , Carolyn Baylor , Susan J. Astley Hemingway

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Abstract

Background

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can disrupt children’s neurodevelopment and exert lasting influences on overall child well-being and family functioning. A comprehensive exploration of developmental outcomes in infants/toddlers with PAE seen for a diagnosis on the fetal alcohol spectrum can inform early identification and intervention.

Aims

To describe the prevalence and patterns of neurodevelopment, sensory processing, and emotional and behavioral functioning in a clinical sample of infants/toddlers with PAE.

Methods

In this retrospective analysis, clinical data from 125 infants/toddlers with PAE, aged 2–42 months, assessed at the University of Washington Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Diagnostic and Prevention Network clinic were analyzed.

Results

Seventy-four to 87% of infants/toddlers demonstrated delayed development in one or more domains of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (n = 125). Adverse developmental outcomes were significantly correlated with PAE and/or postnatal risk factors. All 93 infants/toddlers with a complete Infant/Toddler Sensory Profile obtained definite difference scores in at least one quadrant/section. Over half of infant/toddlers with a completed Child Behavior Checklist/1½− 5 had total problem scores in the borderline or clinical range.

Conclusions

Findings suggest that several domains of child functioning may be vulnerable to the teratogenic impact of PAE, and that these delays are evident in the first years of life. Early screening, ongoing monitoring and comprehensive assessment is needed to facilitate earlier identification and guide clinical intervention.

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产前接触酒精的婴幼儿的发育、感官和行为结果。

背景：产前酒精暴露（PAE）会破坏儿童的神经发育，并对儿童的整体福祉和家庭功能产生持久影响。目的：描述临床样本中患有 PAE 的婴儿/学步儿童的神经发育、感官处理、情绪和行为功能的患病率和模式：在这项回顾性分析中，对华盛顿大学胎儿酒精综合征诊断和预防网络诊所评估的 125 名 2-42 个月大的 PAE 婴儿/学步儿童的临床数据进行了分析：74%到87%的婴儿/学步儿童在贝利婴幼儿发展量表（Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development）的一个或多个领域表现出发育迟缓（n = 125）。不良发育结果与 PAE 和/或产后风险因素明显相关。所有 93 名具有完整婴幼儿感官档案的婴幼儿都在至少一个象限/部分获得了明确的差异分数。在完成儿童行为检查表/1½- 5的婴儿/学步儿童中，一半以上的问题总分处于边缘或临床范围：研究结果表明，儿童功能的多个领域可能容易受到 PAE 的致畸影响，而且这些延迟在出生后的最初几年就很明显。需要进行早期筛查、持续监测和全面评估，以便及早发现并指导临床干预。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Research in Developmental Disabilities Multiple-

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

6.50%

发文量

178

期刊介绍： Research In Developmental Disabilities is aimed at publishing original research of an interdisciplinary nature that has a direct bearing on the remediation of problems associated with developmental disabilities. Manuscripts will be solicited throughout the world. Articles will be primarily empirical studies, although an occasional position paper or review will be accepted. The aim of the journal will be to publish articles on all aspects of research with the developmentally disabled, with any methodologically sound approach being acceptable.