Evanescent wave quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy employing a side-polished fiber for methane sensing

IF 7.1 1区医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Photoacoustics Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI:10.1016/j.pacs.2024.100586

Cian F. Twomey , Gabriele Biagi , Albert A. Ruth , Marilena Giglio , Vincenzo Spagnolo , Liam O’Faolain , Anton J. Walsh

{"title":"Evanescent wave quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy employing a side-polished fiber for methane sensing","authors":"Cian F. Twomey , Gabriele Biagi , Albert A. Ruth , Marilena Giglio , Vincenzo Spagnolo , Liam O’Faolain , Anton J. Walsh","doi":"10.1016/j.pacs.2024.100586","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present an all-fiber-based laser gas analyzer (LGA) employing quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) and a side-polished fiber (SPF). The LGA comprises a custom quartz tuning fork (QTF) with 0.8 mm prong spacing, two acoustic micro-resonators (mR) located on either side of the prong spacing, and a single-mode fiber containing a 17 mm polished section passing through both mRs and QTF. The SPF polished face is positioned to enable the evanescent wave (EW) to create a photoacoustic wave and excite the fundamental flexural mode of the QTF. Sensor performance was demonstrated using methane in nitrogen gas mixtures, with CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> mixing ratios ranging from 75 ppmv to 1% (by volume), measured with an accumulation time of 300 ms, and a minimum detection limit of 34 ppmv subsequently determined. The EW-QEPAS sensor is ideal for miniaturization, as it does not contain any free-space optics and is suitable for gas sensing in harsh environments and where mobility is required.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56025,"journal":{"name":"Photoacoustics","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100586"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221359792400003X/pdfft?md5=a26543225808b141dcd81c4e7a30fab5&pid=1-s2.0-S221359792400003X-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Photoacoustics","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221359792400003X","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

We present an all-fiber-based laser gas analyzer (LGA) employing quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) and a side-polished fiber (SPF). The LGA comprises a custom quartz tuning fork (QTF) with 0.8 mm prong spacing, two acoustic micro-resonators (mR) located on either side of the prong spacing, and a single-mode fiber containing a 17 mm polished section passing through both mRs and QTF. The SPF polished face is positioned to enable the evanescent wave (EW) to create a photoacoustic wave and excite the fundamental flexural mode of the QTF. Sensor performance was demonstrated using methane in nitrogen gas mixtures, with CH $_{4}$ mixing ratios ranging from 75 ppmv to 1% (by volume), measured with an accumulation time of 300 ms, and a minimum detection limit of 34 ppmv subsequently determined. The EW-QEPAS sensor is ideal for miniaturization, as it does not contain any free-space optics and is suitable for gas sensing in harsh environments and where mobility is required.

Abstract Image

查看原文

微信好友朋友圈 QQ好友复制链接

本刊更多论文

采用侧抛光光纤的蒸发波石英增强光声光谱法用于甲烷传感

我们介绍了一种基于全光纤的激光气体分析仪（LGA），它采用了石英增强光声光谱法（QEPAS）和侧抛光光纤（SPF）。LGA 包括一个定制的石英音叉 (QTF)，音叉间距为 0.8 毫米；两个声学微谐振器 (mR) 位于音叉间距的两侧；以及一根单模光纤，其中包含一个穿过 mR 和 QTF 的 17 毫米抛光截面。SPF 抛光面的位置使蒸发波 (EW) 能够产生光声波，并激发 QTF 的基本挠曲模式。使用氮气混合物中的甲烷演示了传感器的性能，CH4 混合比从 75 ppmv 到 1%（体积比）不等，测量累积时间为 300 毫秒，随后确定最低检测限为 34 ppmv。EW-QEPAS 传感器非常适合小型化，因为它不包含任何自由空间光学器件，适合在恶劣环境和需要移动性的地方进行气体检测。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文去求助

来源期刊

Photoacoustics Physics and Astronomy-Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

CiteScore

11.40

自引率

16.50%

发文量

审稿时长

53 days

期刊介绍： The open access Photoacoustics journal (PACS) aims to publish original research and review contributions in the field of photoacoustics-optoacoustics-thermoacoustics. This field utilizes acoustical and ultrasonic phenomena excited by electromagnetic radiation for the detection, visualization, and characterization of various materials and biological tissues, including living organisms. Recent advancements in laser technologies, ultrasound detection approaches, inverse theory, and fast reconstruction algorithms have greatly supported the rapid progress in this field. The unique contrast provided by molecular absorption in photoacoustic-optoacoustic-thermoacoustic methods has allowed for addressing unmet biological and medical needs such as pre-clinical research, clinical imaging of vasculature, tissue and disease physiology, drug efficacy, surgery guidance, and therapy monitoring. Applications of this field encompass a wide range of medical imaging and sensing applications, including cancer, vascular diseases, brain neurophysiology, ophthalmology, and diabetes. Moreover, photoacoustics-optoacoustics-thermoacoustics is a multidisciplinary field, with contributions from chemistry and nanotechnology, where novel materials such as biodegradable nanoparticles, organic dyes, targeted agents, theranostic probes, and genetically expressed markers are being actively developed. These advanced materials have significantly improved the signal-to-noise ratio and tissue contrast in photoacoustic methods.