Employers, recruitment and activation programmes experimental evidence from the Czech labour market

Jiří Vyhlídal
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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to test the impact of selected characteristics of jobseekers on employers’ decisions regarding potential hires (direct and probabilistic signals). The main focus of the study is to test the impact of jobseekers’ participation in selected active labour market programmes on employers’ hiring decisions for three positions: unskilled worker, skilled worker and administrative employee. Other characteristics tested include age, gender, presence of children in the household, state of health, experience of short- and long-term unemployment and indebtedness.

Design/methodology/approach

This study analyses data from a representative survey of employers with five or more employees in the Czech Republic. The survey was conducted in December 2020 using stratified random sampling, combining online questionnaires and personal interviews. The study includes 1,040 employers and uses the factorial survey experiment (FSE) design.

Findings

The results of the FSE suggest that the perceived positive impact of completing one of the activation programmes depends on the position for which the candidate is being recruited. While for the unskilled job category, the completion of any of the tested schemes (training, subsidised jobs or public works) had a positive effect; for the skilled job category, only the training and subsidised jobs schemes had a positive effect; and for the administrative job category, public works programme even had a negative effect.

Research limitations/implications

A somewhat limiting factor in the context of this study seems to be the definitions of the positions tested (unskilled and skilled workers and administrative staff). The decision-making of the respondents was somewhat restricted by such broadly defined categories. Typically, studies with FSE designs have a focus on a specific sector of the economy, which allows for a better definition of the positions or jobs under test. The relationship between position and the impact of individual characteristics is clearly a matter for further research.

Practical implications

The results of the study confirm that completion of the activation programme, as well as other candidate characteristics, constitute differentiating signals for employers that influence their hiring decisions. At the same time, there is evidence that the training programme and the subsidised jobs programme are effective in terms of increasing participants’ chances of employment.

Originality/value

The demand side should be included in the evaluation of activation policies. The design of the FSE provides an appropriate way to test the impact of activation measures on the decision-making of employers.

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来自捷克劳动力市场的雇主、招聘和激活计划实验证据
目的 本文旨在检验求职者的某些特征对雇主做出潜在雇佣决定(直接信号和概率信号)的影响。研究的主要重点是检验求职者参与选定的积极劳动力市场计划对雇主在非熟练工人、熟练工人和行政雇员这三个职位上的招聘决策的影响。测试的其他特征包括年龄、性别、家中是否有子女、健康状况、短期和长期失业经历以及负债情况。调查于 2020 年 12 月进行,采用分层随机抽样法,结合在线问卷和个人访谈。研究包括 1,040 名雇主,并采用了因子调查实验(FSE)设计。研究结果 FSE 的结果表明,完成其中一项激活计划的积极影响取决于应聘者所应聘的职位。对于非熟练工种而言,完成任何一项测试计划(培训、补贴工作或公共工程)都会产生积极影响;对于熟练工种而言,只有培训和补贴工作计划会产生积极影响;而对于行政工种而言,公共工程计划甚至会产生消极影响。受访者的决策在某种程度上受到了这种宽泛定义类别的限制。通常情况下,采用 FSE 设计的研究侧重于特定的经济部门,这样可以更好地界定受测职位或工作。职位与个人特征的影响之间的关系显然是一个需要进一步研究的问题。 研究结果证实,完成激活计划以及候选人的其他特征对雇主来说是影响其招聘决定的区别信号。同时,有证据表明,培训计划和就业补贴计划能有效增加参与者的就业机会。FSE 的设计为测试激活措施对雇主决策的影响提供了一个适当的方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
13.60%
发文量
53
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