To be a transit link: Similarity in the structure of colonial system of integration and communication pores in autozooids and avicularia of Terminoflustra membranaceotruncata (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata)

IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q2 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY Journal of Morphology Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI:10.1002/jmor.21679
Natalia Shunatova
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Abstract

Bryozoan colonies consist of zooids, which can differ in structure and function. Most heteromorphic zooids are unable to feed and autozooids supply them with nutrients. The structure of the tissues providing nutrient transfer is poorly investigated. Here, I present a detailed description of the colonial system of integration (CSI) and communication pores in autozooids and avicularia of the cheilosome bryozoan Terminoflustra membranaceotruncata. The CSI is the nutrient transport and distribution system in the colony. In both autozooids and avicularia it consists of a single cell type, that is, elongated cells, and has a variable branching pattern, except for the presence of a peripheral cord. The general similarity in the CSI structure in avicularia and autozooids is probably due to the interzooidal type of the avicularium. Interzooidal avicularia are likely to consume only a part of the nutrients delivered to them by the CSI, and they transit the rest of the nutrients further. The variability and irregularity of branching pattern of the CSI may be explained by the presence of single communication pores and their varying number. The structure of communication pores is similar regardless of their location (in the transverse or lateral wall) and the type of zooid in contact. Rosette complexes include a cincture cell, a few special cells, and a few limiting cells. Along each zooidal wall, there are communication pores with both unidirectional and bidirectional polarity of special cells. However, the total number of nucleus-containing lobes of special cells is approximately the same on each side of any zooidal wall. Supposing the polarity of special cells reflects the direction of nutrient transport, the pattern of special cells polarity is probably related to the need for bidirectional transport through each zooidal wall. The possibility for such transport is important in large perennial colonies with wide zones of autozooids undergoing polypide degeneration.

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成为中转环节:Terminoflustra membranaceotruncata(环节动物:Cheilostomata)的自舟虫和水蚤的整合和通信孔的殖民系统结构的相似性。
环节动物群落由动物体组成,动物体的结构和功能各不相同。大多数异形动物体无法进食,由自生动物体为其提供营养。关于提供营养传输的组织结构的研究很少。在此,我详细介绍了螯足类双壳动物Terminoflustra membranaceotruncata的集落整合系统(CSI)以及自动物和水囊动物的通讯孔。CSI 是群落中的营养运输和分配系统。在自足目和水蚤目中,CSI 都由单一细胞类型(即细长细胞)组成,除了存在外周索外,CSI 的分支模式各不相同。水泡藻和自体水泡藻的 CSI 结构基本相似,这可能是由于水泡藻的腔隙型。水泡间型的水泡藻可能只消耗 CSI 提供给它们的部分营养,其余的营养则由它们进一步转运。CSI 分支模式的多变性和不规则性可以用单个通信孔的存在及其数量的变化来解释。无论沟通孔的位置(位于横壁还是侧壁)和接触的动物体类型如何,其结构都是相似的。莲座状复合体包括一个括约肌细胞、几个特殊细胞和几个限制细胞。沿着每个类动物体壁,都有单向和双向极性的特殊细胞沟通孔。不过,在任何动物体壁的两侧,特殊细胞含核裂片的总数大致相同。如果说特殊细胞的极性反映了营养物质的运输方向,那么特殊细胞的极性模式很可能与通过每个动物体壁进行双向运输的需要有关。这种运输的可能性在多年生大型群落中非常重要,因为这些群落中有大面积的自藻类正在进行多鳞片退化。
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来源期刊
Journal of Morphology
Journal of Morphology 医学-解剖学与形态学
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
6.70%
发文量
119
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Morphology welcomes articles of original research in cytology, protozoology, embryology, and general morphology. Articles generally should not exceed 35 printed pages. Preliminary notices or articles of a purely descriptive morphological or taxonomic nature are not included. No paper which has already been published will be accepted, nor will simultaneous publications elsewhere be allowed. The Journal of Morphology publishes research in functional, comparative, evolutionary and developmental morphology from vertebrates and invertebrates. Human and veterinary anatomy or paleontology are considered when an explicit connection to neontological animal morphology is presented, and the paper contains relevant information for the community of animal morphologists. Based on our long tradition, we continue to seek publishing the best papers in animal morphology.
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