Ocular Surface Analysis of Dry Eye Disease After Cataract Surgery

Abstract

We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of 0.3% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose/dextran (HPMC/Dextran) and 0.3% sodium hyaluronate (SH) in the treatment of dry eye disease (DED) in postcataract surgery patients by analyzing the presurgery and postsurgery ocular surface. This double-blinded, randomized, parallel-group study enrolled 96 patients with ocular surface dysfunction, specifically DED, after phacoemulsification. Patients were randomized to receive either HPMC/Dextran (n = 56) or 0.3% SH (n = 40). All patients received 1 drop per eye, 4 times per day. Data from OCULUS Keratograph 5M and Schirmer I tests without anesthesia were collected at baseline and 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively. Three months postsurgery, the ocular surface, Schirmer I test, tear meniscus height (TMH), noninvasive tear film break-up time (NITBUT), meibography, redness, and Ocular Surface Disease Index were significantly improved. The Schirmer I test, TMH, and NITBUT improved significantly (P = 0.07, 0.17, and 0.43, respectively; analysis of variance, P < 0.05) in the SH group compared with the HPMC/Dextran group. In a subgroup analysis of patients with severe dry eye, Schirmer I test ≤ 5 mm/5 minutes and NITBUT < 5 significantly improved (P = 0.00 and 0.001, respectively) at 3 months in the SH group compared with the HPMC/Dextran group. Thus, 0.3% SH gave significantly superior tear secretion and tear film instability outcomes. Both types of preservative-free artificial tears are effective in treating postsurgery DED. Compared with HPMC/Dextran, 0.3% SH artificial tears showed more improvements in Schirmer I test and NITBUT postsurgery.