Аnalysis of clinical cases of diabetic retinopathy progression in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes

Abstract

This paper presents clinical cases of diabetic retinopathy (DR) progression in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes. In preproliferative DR, the formation of focal macular edema in both eyes with nonperfusion areas of perimacular localization was observed. Both eyes were subjected to laser coagulation of the retina. After one month, a regression of macular edema in the left eye and hemorrhagic phenomena in both eyes was established with the emergence of new nonperfusion zones. DR progression during pregnancy and in the postpartum period is determined by a number of factors, including diabetes mellitus compensation, retinopathy stabilization, and the presence of concomitant pathologies. In the aggressive course of proliferative DR, local traction retinal detachment and partial hemophthalmos of the left eye were revealed. In this case, three stages of panretinal laser coagulation of both eyes and endovitreal intervention with silicone tamponade on the left eye were performed. At 28 weeks of gestation, progression of retinal neovascularization was observed in the right eye, extensive areas of nonperfusion in the posterior pole. The areas of laser coagulation of the retina were compacted in the right eye.