Aerodynamic design of a high-efficiency two-stage axial turbine, using streamline curvature method and performance optimisation by clocking of stator blades

R. Taghavi Zenouz, S. Abiri
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Abstract

Aerodynamic design of a high-efficiency two-stage axial turbine is carried out using a hybrid method through implantation of a two-step design procedure. In the first step, the well-known streamline curvature (SLC) and free vortex (FV) methods are properly combined to establish three-dimensional geometries of the blades at each row and to obtain the flow field properties. The second step is provided to obtain the highest aerodynamic efficiency by optimum clocking of the second stator blades relative to the first ones through executing steady and unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) of three-dimensional viscous flow. Slight discrepancies were observed between gas dynamics results of the SLC and those of CFD. Total pressure and temperature at the turbine outlet, obtained from SLC method, differed from those obtained by 3D-CFD technique by 13.06% and 1.88% respectively. Aerodynamic efficiency of the turbine is obtained about 91.83%, based on 3D-CFD. Time-averaged results showed that under the optimum clocking of the second row stator blades, inlet total pressure and output power of the second rotor increase by 0.23%, and 0.93%, respectively, in comparison to the worst clocking case. These augmentations resulted in increased total to total efficiency of the second stage by 0.444%. Additionally, the total output power of the two stages increased by 0.71% through the optimum clocking. Modeling the unsteady wake flow trajectory within the blades passages confirmed that all of these beneficial effects happen if the upstream wake impinges on the leading edge region of the second stator blades.
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利用流线曲率法和定子叶片时钟优化性能的高效两级轴流式涡轮机空气动力学设计
通过植入两步设计程序,采用混合方法对高效两级轴流式涡轮机进行了空气动力学设计。在第一步中,将著名的流线曲率法(SLC)和自由涡流法(FV)适当结合,以确定每排叶片的三维几何形状并获得流场特性。第二步是通过执行三维粘性流的稳定和非稳定计算流体动力学 (CFD),优化第二排定子叶片相对于第一排定子叶片的时序,从而获得最高的气动效率。在 SLC 和 CFD 的气体动力学结果之间发现了轻微的差异。通过 SLC 方法获得的涡轮机出口处的总压力和总温度分别与三维流体动力学(CFD)技术获得的结果相差 13.06% 和 1.88%。根据 3D-CFD 计算,涡轮机的空气动力效率约为 91.83%。时间平均结果显示,在第二排定子叶片的最佳时序下,与最差时序情况相比,第二转子的进气总压和输出功率分别增加了 0.23% 和 0.93%。这些改进使第二级的总效率提高了 0.444%。此外,通过优化时钟,两级的总输出功率增加了 0.71%。叶片通道内的非稳定尾流轨迹建模证实,如果上游尾流撞击到第二级定子叶片的前缘区域,就会产生所有这些有利影响。
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