Correlation study on firing temperature and color of plain pottery excavated from the Tang Dynasty tomb of Liu Jing in Shaanxi, China

IF 3.9 1区艺术学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Heritage Science Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI:10.1186/s40494-024-01178-5

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Abstract

Plain pottery excavated from the Tang Dynasty tomb of Liu Jing was taken as the research object. The color, chemical composition, microstructure, and phase were tested to investigate the influencing factors of color for plain pottery fragments. The results indicated that the contents of Fe₂O₃ and TiO₂ in all fragments varied little, and the influence of humic acids in clay as well as the firing atmosphere on the appearance color of plain pottery was excluded. Therefore, the main factor affecting color saturation (C*) was identified as the firing temperature (T). More importantly, the correlation between C* and firing temperature was established by replicas fired at different temperatures. Before the appearance of the glass phase, iron-containing minerals played a major role in coloring, and after that, iron ions in the glass phase and iron crystallization rose the important function of coloring. Consequently, with the increase of firing temperature, C* value increased firstly and then decreased. The inflection point of the fitted C* − T curve corresponded to the glass phase formation temperature. By comparing the estimated firing temperatures obtained by the fitted C* − T correlation curve with the known firing temperature of replicas, it was demonstrated that the color measurement is an ideal method for deducing the firing temperatures of ancient plain pottery.

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中国陕西唐代刘敬墓出土素面陶器烧成温度与颜色的相关性研究

摘要以唐代刘敬墓出土的素陶为研究对象。从颜色、化学成分、微观结构和物相等方面对素陶残片的颜色影响因素进行了测试。结果表明，所有碎片中 Fe2O3 和 TiO2 的含量变化不大，排除了陶土中腐殖酸和烧成气氛对素陶外观颜色的影响。因此，影响颜色饱和度（C*）的主要因素被确定为烧成温度（T）。更重要的是，通过在不同温度下烧制的复制品，确定了 C* 与烧制温度之间的相关性。在玻璃相出现之前，含铁矿物在着色中起着主要作用，而在玻璃相出现之后，玻璃相中的铁离子和铁结晶则上升为着色的重要功能。因此，随着焙烧温度的升高，C*值先升高后降低。拟合的 C* - T 曲线的拐点与玻璃相形成温度相对应。通过将拟合 C* - T 相关曲线得到的估计烧成温度与已知复制品的烧成温度进行比较，证明颜色测量是推断古代素陶烧成温度的理想方法。

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来源期刊

Heritage Science Arts and Humanities-Conservation

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

20.00%

发文量

183

审稿时长

19 weeks

期刊介绍： Heritage Science is an open access journal publishing original peer-reviewed research covering: Understanding of the manufacturing processes, provenances, and environmental contexts of material types, objects, and buildings, of cultural significance including their historical significance. Understanding and prediction of physico-chemical and biological degradation processes of cultural artefacts, including climate change, and predictive heritage studies. Development and application of analytical and imaging methods or equipments for non-invasive, non-destructive or portable analysis of artwork and objects of cultural significance to identify component materials, degradation products and deterioration markers. Development and application of invasive and destructive methods for understanding the provenance of objects of cultural significance. Development and critical assessment of treatment materials and methods for artwork and objects of cultural significance. Development and application of statistical methods and algorithms for data analysis to further understanding of culturally significant objects. Publication of reference and corpus datasets as supplementary information to the statistical and analytical studies above. Description of novel technologies that can assist in the understanding of cultural heritage.