Experimental Investigation of Excitation Strategies for Erosion by Cavitation Histotripsy

Yufeng Zhou
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Abstract

Cavitation histotripsy has been applied to the disintegration on the surface of soft tissue in a well-controlled manner. Its performance was assumed to be determined by the acoustic pressure alone. Long pulse duration with low pulse repetition frequency (PRF) can also successfully generate erosion. This study was designed to investigate the excitation strategies for cavitation histotripsy-induced erosion. The erosion area and volumes produced by cavitation histotripsy on the alginate gel phantom using single-frequency, dual-frequency, and two pulsed excitations at the same power output at the PRF of 1 Hz and 200 Hz were compared. Dual-frequency excitation can improve the erosion at all PRFs, while pulsed excitations decrease it at the PRF of 200 Hz. Using both pulsed and dual-frequency excitations has more erosion areas than using single-frequency at a PRF of 1 Hz. In comparison, although the induced erosion areas using the pulsed excitations are larger than those of single-frequency at the PRF of 200 Hz, the erosion volumes are much lower than that of dual-frequency excitation. It suggests that a sufficient long pulse duration is another important factor for the performance of cavitation histotripsy. Dual-frequency excitation or amplitude modulation by the low-frequency sinusoidal envelope can achieve more erosion than that produced by single-frequency excitation at the same power output in a wide range of PRFs.
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空化组织切削术侵蚀激发策略的实验研究
空化组织切削术已被很好地应用于软组织表面的崩解。其性能被认为仅由声压决定。长脉冲持续时间和低脉冲重复频率(PRF)也能成功产生侵蚀。本研究旨在探讨空化组学诱导侵蚀的激发策略。比较了单频、双频以及在相同功率输出、PRF 为 1 Hz 和 200 Hz 的两种脉冲激励下,空化组织切削术在藻酸盐凝胶模型上产生的侵蚀面积和体积。双频激励可以改善所有 PRF 下的侵蚀情况,而脉冲激励则会降低 PRF 为 200 Hz 时的侵蚀情况。在 PRF 为 1 Hz 时,使用脉冲和双频激励比使用单频激励的侵蚀面积更大。相比之下,虽然在 PRF 为 200 Hz 时使用脉冲激励的诱导侵蚀面积比使用单频激励的诱导侵蚀面积大,但侵蚀体积却比使用双频激励的侵蚀体积小得多。这表明足够长的脉冲持续时间是空化组织切削术性能的另一个重要因素。双频激励或低频正弦包络的振幅调制可以在很宽的 PRF 范围内以相同的功率输出获得比单频激励更大的侵蚀量。
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