An empirical relation between velocity, mass discharge rate and vent area for normal through paroxysmal eruptions at Stromboli

IF 3.6 2区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Bulletin of Volcanology Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI:10.1007/s00445-024-01718-8

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Abstract

Based on published and new data for explosive events at Stromboli (Italy), we propose an empirical relation that links mass discharge rate (MDR) and at-vent gas jet velocity (G_v). We use 65 simultaneous measurements of MDR and G_v and find two trends in both the cross-correlation and rank order statistics. Cross-correlation gives a power law relation: \(MDR= {10}^{(0.015{G}_{v}+2.434)}\) kg/s, R² = 0.81, and applies to ash-dominated emissions. Combining this relation with the conservation of mass equation allows at-vent plume density and/or vent area to be derived from MDR = G_v ρ A, ρ being plume density and A being vent cross-sectional area. We find that while a vent radius of 2 m and plume density of 0.35 kg/m³ fits with the “normal” activity at Stromboli, a 290 × 2.5 m vent area likely feeds a 10 kg/m³ jet during paroxysmal activity. Initial tests on available data shows promise in extending the correlation beyond Stromboli and/or to events with higher MDR (> 10⁷ kg/s). However, the exact relation will depend on magma composition, temperature and volatile content, as well as conduit radius and vent overpressure.

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斯特龙博利岛正常喷发到阵发性喷发的速度、排泄率和喷口面积之间的经验关系

摘要根据斯特龙博利（意大利）爆炸事件的已公布数据和新数据，我们提出了一种经验关系，将质量放电率（MDR）和通风口气体喷射速度（Gv）联系起来。我们使用了 65 个 MDR 和 Gv 的同步测量值，并在交叉相关和秩序统计中发现了两种趋势。交叉相关给出了一个幂律关系： \MDR= {10}^{(0.015{G}_{v}+2.434)}\) kg/s，R2 = 0.81，适用于以灰为主的排放。将这一关系式与质量守恒方程相结合，可根据 MDR = Gv ρ A 得出通风口羽流密度和/或通风口面积，ρ 为羽流密度，A 为通风口横截面积。我们发现，虽然 2 米的喷口半径和 0.35 千克/立方米的羽流密度符合斯特龙博利岛的 "正常 "活动，但 290 × 2.5 米的喷口面积很可能在阵发性活动期间产生 10 千克/立方米的喷流。对现有数据的初步测试表明，有希望将相关性扩展到斯特龙博利以外和/或更高 MDR（> 107 kg/s）的事件。然而，确切的关系将取决于岩浆成分、温度和挥发物含量，以及导管半径和喷口超压。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Bulletin of Volcanology 地学-地球科学综合

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

20.00%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Bulletin of Volcanology was founded in 1922, as Bulletin Volcanologique, and is the official journal of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth’s Interior (IAVCEI). The Bulletin of Volcanology publishes papers on volcanoes, their products, their eruptive behavior, and their hazards. Papers aimed at understanding the deeper structure of volcanoes, and the evolution of magmatic systems using geochemical, petrological, and geophysical techniques are also published. Material is published in four sections: Review Articles; Research Articles; Short Scientific Communications; and a Forum that provides for discussion of controversial issues and for comment and reply on previously published Articles and Communications.