Optimizing tillage and fertilization practices to improve the carbon footprint and energy efficiency of wheat-maize cropping systems

IF 4.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of Integrative Agriculture Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI:10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.026
Kun Han, Xinzhu Li, Liang Jia, Dazhao Yu, Wenhua Xu, Hongkun Chen, Tao Song, Peng Liu
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Abstract

To make agricultural systems sustainable in terms of their greenness and efficiency, it is essential to optimize the tillage and fertilization practices. To assess the effect of tilling and fertilization practices in the wheat-maize cropping systems, we carried out a three-year field experiment designed to quantify the carbon footprint (CF), and energy efficiency of the cropping systems in the North China Plain. As the study parameters, we used four tillage practices (no tillage (NT), conventional tillage (CT), rotary tillage (RT) and subsoiling rotary tillage (SRT)), and two fertilizer regimes (inorganic fertilizer (IF), and hybrid fertilizer with organic and inorganic components (HF)). Our results indicated that the most prominent energy inputs and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions could be ascribed to the use of fertilizers and fuel consumption. Assuming the same fertilization regime, ranking the tillage patterns with respect to the value of the crop yield, the profit, the CF, the energy use efficiency (EUE) or the energy productivity (EP) for either wheat or maize always gave the following result: SRT>RT>CT>NT. For the same tillage, the energy consumption associated with HF was higher than IF, but its GHG emissions and CF were lower while the yield and profit were better. In terms of the overall performance, tilling is more beneficial than NT, and reduced tillage (RT and SRT) are more beneficial than CT. The fertilization regime with the best overall performance was HF. Combining SRT with HF has significant potential for reducing CF and increasing EUE, improving the sustainability. Adopting measures promoting these optimizations can help overcome the challenges posed by lack of food security, energy crises and ecological stress.
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优化耕作和施肥方法,改善小麦-玉米种植系统的碳足迹和能源效率
为了使农业系统在绿色和效率方面具有可持续性,必须优化耕作和施肥方法。为了评估耕作和施肥方法对小麦-玉米种植系统的影响,我们在华北平原开展了一项为期三年的田间试验,旨在量化种植系统的碳足迹(CF)和能源效率。作为研究参数,我们采用了四种耕作方式(免耕(NT)、常规耕作(CT)、旋耕(RT)和覆土旋耕(SRT))和两种施肥制度(无机肥(IF)和有机无机混合肥(HF))。我们的研究结果表明,最主要的能源投入和温室气体(GHG)排放可归因于肥料的使用和燃料消耗。在相同施肥制度下,根据小麦或玉米的作物产量值、利润、CF、能源利用效率(EUE)或能源生产率(EP)对耕作模式进行排序,结果如下:SRT>RT>CT>NT。在相同耕作条件下,HF 的能耗高于 IF,但温室气体排放量和 CF 更低,产量和利润更高。从整体表现来看,翻耕比 NT 更有利,减耕(RT 和 SRT)比 CT 更有利。综合表现最好的施肥制度是 HF。将 SRT 与 HF 结合使用,在减少 CF 和增加 EUE 方面具有巨大潜力,从而提高了可持续性。采取促进这些优化的措施有助于克服缺乏粮食安全、能源危机和生态压力带来的挑战。
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来源期刊
Journal of Integrative Agriculture
Journal of Integrative Agriculture AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
4.20%
发文量
4817
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Integrative Agriculture publishes manuscripts in the categories of Commentary, Review, Research Article, Letter and Short Communication, focusing on the core subjects: Crop Genetics & Breeding, Germplasm Resources, Physiology, Biochemistry, Cultivation, Tillage, Plant Protection, Animal Science, Veterinary Science, Soil and Fertilization, Irrigation, Plant Nutrition, Agro-Environment & Ecology, Bio-material and Bio-energy, Food Science, Agricultural Economics and Management, Agricultural Information Science.
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