Vladimir Losev , Olga Buyko , Alexander Shimanskii , Yakov Kazantsev , Sergey Metelitsa , Elena Borodina , Mingming Li
{"title":"Extraction of gallium from carbon concentrate - Aluminum industry waste","authors":"Vladimir Losev , Olga Buyko , Alexander Shimanskii , Yakov Kazantsev , Sergey Metelitsa , Elena Borodina , Mingming Li","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2024.106289","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A complex approach to the extraction of gallium from a carbon concentrate (CC), a waste product of the aluminum industry, was considered. Ashing of CC made it possible to remove the main component - carbon and obtain ash, which is an oxide mineral-like compound, from which gallium was leached with solutions of inorganic acids and their mixtures. The maximum degree of leaching (98%) of gallium was achieved with 6 M HCl for ash after ashing the CC at 600 °C. It was shown that Purolite anion exchangers with highly basic tertiary and quaternary ammonium base groups recovered gallium(III) from 2 to 10 M HCl, where the sorption equilibrium was attained after 60 min. The maximum extraction was observed from 6 M HCl. Under optimal conditions, the maximum sorption capacities for gallium(III) were achieved for Purolite A300 (2.7 mmol g<sup>−1</sup>) and Purolite A500 (2.2 mmol g<sup>−1</sup>) sorbents. Gallium(III) was quantitatively (99%) eluted from the sorbents with distilled water. Sorption of gallium(III) and its subsequent desorption with water made it possible to separate it from the predominant amounts of transition metal ions: Fe(III), Ni(II), Co(II), Zn(II), V(V) and other cations: Al<sup>3+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup>. The addition of sodium hydroxide to the concentration of 200 g L<sup>−1</sup> resulted in the cementation of gallium on aluminum gallama (liquid gallium‑aluminum alloy).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Hydrometallurgy","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304386X2400029X","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
A complex approach to the extraction of gallium from a carbon concentrate (CC), a waste product of the aluminum industry, was considered. Ashing of CC made it possible to remove the main component - carbon and obtain ash, which is an oxide mineral-like compound, from which gallium was leached with solutions of inorganic acids and their mixtures. The maximum degree of leaching (98%) of gallium was achieved with 6 M HCl for ash after ashing the CC at 600 °C. It was shown that Purolite anion exchangers with highly basic tertiary and quaternary ammonium base groups recovered gallium(III) from 2 to 10 M HCl, where the sorption equilibrium was attained after 60 min. The maximum extraction was observed from 6 M HCl. Under optimal conditions, the maximum sorption capacities for gallium(III) were achieved for Purolite A300 (2.7 mmol g−1) and Purolite A500 (2.2 mmol g−1) sorbents. Gallium(III) was quantitatively (99%) eluted from the sorbents with distilled water. Sorption of gallium(III) and its subsequent desorption with water made it possible to separate it from the predominant amounts of transition metal ions: Fe(III), Ni(II), Co(II), Zn(II), V(V) and other cations: Al3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+. The addition of sodium hydroxide to the concentration of 200 g L−1 resulted in the cementation of gallium on aluminum gallama (liquid gallium‑aluminum alloy).
期刊介绍:
Hydrometallurgy aims to compile studies on novel processes, process design, chemistry, modelling, control, economics and interfaces between unit operations, and to provide a forum for discussions on case histories and operational difficulties.
Topics covered include: leaching of metal values by chemical reagents or bacterial action at ambient or elevated pressures and temperatures; separation of solids from leach liquors; removal of impurities and recovery of metal values by precipitation, ion exchange, solvent extraction, gaseous reduction, cementation, electro-winning and electro-refining; pre-treatment of ores by roasting or chemical treatments such as halogenation or reduction; recycling of reagents and treatment of effluents.